必背 可以覆盖医博英语考试写作全部健康类话题的地道英文表达方式
心血之作，献给备考的你。...
小白老师说：健康类话题是医学博士英语考试写作部分经常考到的内容，包括健康的生活方式、心理健康、运动锻炼、老龄化等。小白老师为大家整理了几乎可以覆盖所有健康话题写作的地道英文表达，帮助大家避免话到嘴边写不出来的尴尬，或者明明不会写也只得硬撑着乱写一气的无奈。
1. lead a healthy lifestyle 【含义】保持健康的生活方式
扩展短语
- do more physical activities 从事更多的体力活动
- lead an active lifestyle 泛指在生活中经常运动、健身、从事户外活动等
- … is a good way to stay healthy …是一种保持健康的好办法
- maintain good health 保持身体健康
- improve their health and well-being 增进健康和幸福感
- reduce the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure 减少患心脏病和高血压的风险
【BBC例句】Parents should encourage their children to do more physical activities.
小白老师说：do more physical activities 可不是Chinglish， 而是NHS（英国的国家医疗体系）向英国人民重点推荐的健康生活方式。
当代英语国家的生活健康准则
- exercise regularly 经常锻炼身体
- walk or cycle regularly 经常步行或者骑自行车
- have a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食结构
- keep a regular sleep schedule 保持有规律的睡眠时间
- achieve a work-life balance 实现工作和生活之间的平衡
- eat more fruit and vegetables 多吃蔬菜和水果
【BBC例句】People in England eat more fruit and vegetables and less salt and fat.
2. Lead an unhealthy lifestyle 【含义】过着不健康的生活
扩展短语
- a sedentary lifestyle 缺乏运动的生活方式（反义：an active lifestyle）
- have an unhealthy diet 饮食结构不健康
- damage their health 损害他们的健康
- cause health problems 导致健康问题
- are over weight 超重
- increase the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure 导致患心脏病和高血压的风险上升
【BBC例句】People who lead a sedentary lifestyle are at greater risk of developing diabetes.
医博英语考试里最常提及的六种疾病
- heart disease 心脏病
- high blood pressure 高血压
- diabetes 糖尿病
- obesity 肥胖症
- asthma 哮喘
- lung cancer 肺癌
3. home-cooked food 【含义】家里做的饭菜（名称短语）扩展短语
- have a healthy and balanced diet 保持健康、均衡的饮食结构
- fresh food 新鲜的食品
- …is more nutritious …是更有营养的
小白老师说：大家要注意辨别词性。Nutrition是名词“营养”，nutritious是形容词“有营养的”。
4. fast food 【含义】快餐
扩展短语
- high-fat food 高脂肪的食物
- contain too much fat 含脂肪量过多
- high-sugar food 含糖量高的食品
- contain too much sugar 含糖量过多
- lead a fast-paced lifestyle （城市里的人们）过着快节奏的生活
- frozen food 冷冻食品
- sugary drinks 含糖量很高的饮料
- pose health risks 构成健康方面的风险
小白老师说：在pose health risks的后面还可以写明对哪类人构成健康风险，例如：pose health risks to consumers, pose health risks to children等。
5. outdoor sports 【含义】户外运动（名词短语）
小白老师说：大家注意这个地方有一条规律，表示“从事”户外运动，动词用do或者play，表示“参加”户外运动，动词用take part in或者participate in。
扩展短语（如何表达运动的好处）
- increase strength, speed and balance 提高力量、速度和平衡能力
- improve memory and concentration 提高记忆力和注意力
- feel energetic 感到精力充沛的
- develop strong willpower 形成顽强的意志力
- build self-confidence 树立自信
- reduce stress and anxiety 减轻压力和焦虑
- improve their health and well-being 增进健康和幸福感
- improve hand-eye coordination 增强手眼协调能力
- take part in team sports参加团队运动
- participate in team sports 参加团队运动
- develop their teamwork skills 发展他们的团队合作能力
- give them a sense of achievement 带给他们一种成就感
小白老师说：这些短语都不难，但是已经足以为任何流行的健身运动“带盐”了。
6. promote healthy lifestyles 【含义】（政府、媒体等）推广健康的生活方式
扩展短语
- encourage people to exercise regularly 鼓励人们去经常锻炼身体
- improve public health 增进公众的健康
- regulate fast food advertising 对快餐广告进行严格的监管
- encourage people to make healthy food choices 鼓励人们去选择健康的食品
- raise people’s health awareness 提高人们的健康意识
- （小白老师说：大家注意：这个短语里不能用healthy）
扩展短语
- healthcare workers 医疗工作者，例如doctors and nurses
- medical technology 医疗科技
- improve the healthcare system 改善医疗体系
- medical treatment 医学治疗
8. population ageing（英式拼写）/ population aging（美式拼写）【含义】人口的老龄化
扩展短语
- retired people 退休的老人们
- rising life expectancy 上升的人口预期寿命
小白老师说：retired people的翻译短语是working adults 工作的成年人。大家注意：retire是动词，retirement是名词，retired是形容词。
【经济学人例句】These measures are not unreasonable because of Australia’s rising life expectancy.
人口老龄化带来的问题
- cause labor shortages （人口老龄化、低出生率）导致劳动力的短缺
- put pressure on the healthcare system 对医疗体系构成压力
- increase the burden on taxpayers 加重纳税人的负担
- save money for retirement （个人）为退休养老存钱
- retire later （个人）更晚退休
- raise the retirement age （政府）提高法定退休年龄
- encourage immigration （政府）鼓励其他国家的人向本国移民
扩展短语
- damage their emotion health 对他们的心理健康有害
- improve their emotional health 增加他们的心理健康
- … is a good way to reduce stress and anxiety …是一种减轻压力和焦虑的好方法
- cause frustration 导致挫败感
- … is a good way to relieve stress and anxiety …是一种减轻压力和焦虑的好方法
【BBC例句】The report measures happiness in everything from family life to physical（身体的）and emotional health.
10.lead a stressful lifestyle 【含义】在生活中压力很大
扩展短语
- … are under great pressure with their studies 在学业中承受着很大的压力
- work long hours 长时间地工作
- often work overtime 经常加班
- cannot achieve a work-life balance 不能再工作与生活之间获得平衡
- academic stress 学业上的压力
- work-related stress 和工作有关的压力
- have little time for leisure 很少有时间从事休闲活动
- face tough competition for jobs （求职者）面对激烈的就业竞争
- face tough competition for promotion （员工）面对激烈的升职竞争
- face tough competition for business （企业）面对激烈的商业竞争
11. have a strong sense of belonging 【含义】有一种很强的归属感
扩展短语
- develop good relationships with their neighbors 搞好邻里关系
- lack a sense of belonging 缺乏归属感
- do not even know their neighbors 甚至不认识他们的邻居
- feel lonely and unhappy 感到孤独而且很不开心
- develop a strong sense of belonging 形成一种很强的归属感
- build a strong sense of community 建设很强的社区感
- lack a sense of community （生活在城市里的人们）缺乏社区感
- feel homesick 非常思念亲人（不要误解成“卧床不起”）
- feel lonely and isolated 感到孤独而且被孤立
- develop a sense of pride in their school 形成对学校的荣誉感
- develop a sense of pride in their hospital 形成对医院的荣誉感
- develop a sense of pride in their country 形成对祖国的荣誉感
- boost national pride 提升公众的民族自豪感
- inspire people （名人的成功经历、太空探索、新的科学发现等）鼓舞人们，激励人们
扩展短语
- cause health problems 导致健康问题
- damage their health 破坏健康
- harm their eyesight 损害他们的视力
- spend too much time in front of a computer screen 用电脑时间过长
- spend too much time in front of a television screen 看电视时间过长
【Telegraph例句】David Cameron（卡梅伦，前英国首相） encouraged parents to limit their children’s screen time.
不健康的生活习惯
1）过度依赖于……
- rely too much on fast food 过度依赖快餐
- rely too much on the internet 过度依赖网络
- rely too much on cars 过度依赖汽车
2）对……上瘾
- are addicted to junk food 对垃圾食品上瘾
- are addicted to media violence 对媒体里面的暴力内容上瘾
- are addicted to social networking websites 对社交网站上瘾
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