英文早点 0303-科技的发展有助于案件侦查

 

背景知识电影《机械战警》(RoboCop)可能比事实更科幻,但警务人员利用尖端技术打击犯罪的想法现在已经成为...

背景知识

电影《机械战警》(RoboCop)可能比事实更科幻,但警务人员利用尖端技术打击犯罪的想法现在已经成为日常现实。警务工作的性质正发生巨大的变化。警务人员不再只依靠自己的直觉来保持街道安全,因为犯罪越来越难以被发现。幸运的是已经有了创新技术的支持,这对于维护法律的作用越来越重要。根据内政部长安德鲁德(Amber Rudd)的说法,政府同意,未来三年拨款超过二千六百万英镑,以支持“转变未来警务”的新方法。这一转变已经开始,网络警察的智库称,根据最近的报告以及对警务技术进行的最全面审查,自2015年以来,包括抢劫和刑事破坏在内的传统犯罪率下降了60%以上。

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BGM:Rainy Morning-金允

今日早起卡
The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.
今日翻译卡
How the latest developments are boosting the police
 

That transformation has already begun, with many of the UK’s 45 police forces adopting tools such as body cameras, which have reduced complaints against police by 93 per cent, and facial-recognition software to speed up investigations. Another advance is numberplate-recognition cameras that take 350 images a second.

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transform  英 [trænsˈfɔ:m]   美 [trænsˈfɔrm]

释义:

  1. v. subject to a mathematical transformation 改变
  2. v. change or alter in form, appearance, or nature 改观
  3. v. change in outward structure or looks 变换


词根词缀:

  • trans-1. 表示"变换,改变,转移"; 2. 表示"横过,越过",transform改变,变换;变压;转化;改造,改造trans变换,改变,转移+form形状→改变形状


词源

  • mid-14c., "改变形式" (可传递), 从老法国变压器 (14c), 从拉丁 transformare "改变形状, 变质," 从跨, bayond "(参见跨) + formare" 到形成 "(参见形式 (v))。不及物感 "经历了形式的变化" 是从十六世纪九十年代。


短语词组:

  1. Fourier transform 傅里叶变换
  2. Fast fourier transform 快速傅里叶变换
  3. Transform into 转变成


同源拓展:

  1. Transformable 可变化的;可变形的;可转化的
  2. Transformation 转化;转换;改革;变形
  3. Transformer 变压器;促使变化的人


同义替换:

  1. Influence,fashion,vary,innovate 改变,使…变形;转换
  2. Veer from,to change 变换,改变;转化


真题解析

  1. (2012,英二,阅读) Whole new realms of understanding - from gender to race to cultural studies - were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.


boost 英 [bu:st]   美 [bust]

释义

  1. n. the act of giving hope or support to someone 帮助
  2. n. an increase in cost  提高,增加
  3. n. the act of giving an upward push 吹捧,加速器
  4. v. increase 增加,提高
  5. v. give a boost to; be beneficial to 促进,向上推起
  6. v. contribute to the progress or growth of 促进
  7. v. push or shove upward, as if from below or behind 向上推起
 

词根词缀



词源:

  • 1815年表示“从后面推,的意思,字面和比喻, 美国英语, 未知的起源, 以提升或提高。相关: 提振;提高.作为一个名词,1825年时表示 "电梯, 推力, 向上推"的意思。


短语词组:

  1. Boost up 向上推
  2. Boost pressure 升压;吸入管压力
  3. Boost pump 接力泵;升压泵;推进


同源拓展:

  1. Booster 升压机;支持者;扩爆器


同义替换

  1. Facilitate ,promote, enhance ,further, jack 促进;增加;支援
  2. Pick pocket, rip off 宣扬;偷窃
  3. Assistance,motivation,hand,aid,publicity 推动;帮助;宣扬


真题解析

  • (2008,MBA,阅读)Having announced his aim (the house) in advance, MacDonald likely got a boost from techies eager to see the Internet pass this daring test of its networking power.


recognize 英 [ˈrekəgnaɪz]   美 [ˈrɛkəɡˌnaɪz]

释义

  1. v.  accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority 识别;承认
  2. v.  be fully aware or cognizant of 承认
  3. v.  perceive to be the same 承认;确认
  4. v.  express greetings upon meeting someone 问候


词根词缀:

  • 词根cogn=know,表示"知道"recognize,[recognise]认出,承认,公认,赏识,表扬re再+cogn知道+ize表动词→再次知道→认出来


词源

  • 15c 初, "恢复占有土地", 从担保的背形成, 或从旧的法国 reconoiss-, reconoistre 的茎 "再次知道, 识别, 承认," 从拉丁 recognoscere "承认, 回想起来, 再次知道;审查;证明, "从头再来" (参见重新) + cognoscere "了解, 认出" (参见承认)。意思是 "再次知道, 回忆或恢复的知识, 感知一个身份与以前已知或感觉的东西" 第一次记录十六世纪三十年代。相关: 认可;承认.


短语词组:

  1. To recognize 认出;辨认;认得;能认出
  2. Recognize game 认识的游


同源拓展:

  1. Recognized 公认的;经过验证的
  2. Recognizable 可辨认的;可认识的;可承认的
  3. Recognizably 可被识别的;可变别的
  4. Recognizance 具结;保证书;保证金
同义替换:

  1. Identify,spot,accept,agree,grant 认出,识别;承认
  2. Accept,confirm on 确认,承认;具结


真题解析:

  • (2007, MBA, 阅读)every bottle of imported water, every espresso and every cocktail is extra money in the server’s pocket. Aggressive upwelling for tips is often rewarded while low-key, quality service often goes unrecognized.
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133-这一秒突然好想你



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