人教版必修四重难点全梳理（Unit2）

今天小简老师要和大家分享的是人教版必修4Unit2的知识梳理，很丰富，很全面，很重点，千万不要过哦！Unit...







今天小简老师要和大家分享的是人教版必修4Unit2的知识梳理，很丰富，很全面，很重点，千万不要过哦！

1. struggle

(1) vt. & vi. 奋斗；挣扎；努力

She struggled to keep back her tears.

她努力地忍住泪水。

The poor had to struggle for life.

穷人必须为生活而努力。

They had to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.

他们必须和各种各样的困难作斗争。

The lion made a sudden angry noise and struggled to its feet.

狮子突然发出一阵怒吼，挣扎着站了起来。

(2) n. 搏斗；斗争；努力；奋斗

It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time.

为使工作按时完成, 我做了一番努力。

2. hunger

(1) n. 饥饿；欲望

Many people die of hunger before liberation.

解放前很多人死于饥饿。

His hunger for/after excitement got him into a lot of trouble.

他寻求刺激的欲望给他添了许多麻烦。

（2）vt. & vi.（使）饥饿；渴望

There is no food; they have to hunger the children.

没有食物了，他们不得不让孩子们挨饿。

All the time she hungered for/after news from her youngest son.

她每时每刻都在渴望得到她小儿子的消息。

3. disturbing adj. 令人烦恼的；令人不安的

It is disturbing that there has been an increase in crime in the last six months.

过去六个月里犯罪案件的增加令人非常不安。

知识拓展

disturbed adj. 心烦的；不安的

disturb  vt. 打扰；扰乱；妨碍；使（人）心神不宁

I felt disturbed to hear of your illness.

听说你生病了，我感到不安。

Don’t disturb me while I am reading.

我读书的时候不要打扰我。

4. therefore adv. 因此，所以，因而

We have a growing population and therefore we need more food.

我们的人口在日益增长，所以我们需要更多的食物。

There is still much to discuss. We shall, therefore, discuss it at our next meeting.

要讨论的问题还很多，所以，我们将在下一次会议上讨论这个问题。

5. equip  vt. & vi. 配备；装备; 使胜任  equipment n. [U] 装备；设备

Your education will equip you to earn a good living.

你所受的教育会使你过上富裕的生活。

Your training will equip you for your future job.

你的训练使得你能够胜任将来的工作。

He equipped his bike with a head light.

他给自行车装上了前灯。

Our lab is well/poorly equipped.

我们的实验室配备良好/简陋。

6. confuse vt. 使困惑，使迷惑；混淆

They asked so many questions that they confused me.

他们问了许多问题，都把我弄糊涂了。

I confused her with/and her sister because they were so alike.

我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因为她们长得太像了。

We are confused by a lot of information.

我们被大量的信息搞糊涂了。

知识拓展

confused adj. 困惑的

confusing adj. 令人费解的；使人困惑的

confusion n. 困惑，糊涂

I am still a bit confused about what happened.

我对发生的事仍有点困惑。

The instructions on the box are very confusing.

盒子上的使用说明令人费解。

7. regret

(1) vt. 遗憾；后悔

He regretted his carelessness.

他对自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。

I regret that I shall not be able to come.

很遗憾，我不能来。

They regretted not having taken/not taking his advice.

他们后悔没有听他的建议。

I regretted to tell you you hadn’t passed the driving test.

我很遗憾地告诉你你没有通过驾驶执照的考试。

（2）n. 懊悔；遗憾

He told me with regret that he couldn’t come to the party.

他很抱歉地对我说他不能参加这个聚会了。

I felt great regret about /for what I had said to him.

我真后悔对他说了那样的话。

Much to my regret, I am unable to accept your invitation.

非常抱歉，我不能接受你的邀请。

8. reduce vt. 减少，缩小；降低  

reduction n. 减少，缩小；减少的量

They’ve reduced the prices in the shop, so it’s a good time to buy.

商店已经降低了商品的价格，看来现在是买东西的好时候。

The number of the students in our school reduces by 20% this year.

今年我们学校学生的数量减少了20%。

She reduced her weight to 45 kilograms.

她的体重减轻到45公斤。

9. focus

(1) vt. & vi. 集中(注意力、精力等)；聚焦

Focus your camera. 把照相机的焦距调准。

He focused the sun’s rays on a paper with a burning glass.

他用一面凸透镜把阳光聚焦在纸上。

Today we’re going to focus on the question of homeless people.

今天，我们主要讨论无家可归者的问题。

You must focus/fix/concentrate your attention on your work.

你必须把注意力集中到你的工作上。

All eyes were focused on him when he came in.

他进来时大家都注视着他。

（2）n. 焦点；（活动、注意力、兴趣等的)中心

She was the focus of everyone’s attention at the party.

她是聚会上大家注意的焦点。

10. comment

(1) vi. & vt. 表达意见；作出评论

He commented that she was not fit for the job.

他评论说她不称职。

I won’t comment on what people say.

对人们说的话我不作评论。

(2) n. 评论；议论

The scandal caused a lot of comment. 这件丑闻遭到很多议论。

He made several favorable comments about/on their candidates.

他对他们的候选人发表了一些有利的评论。1. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.

多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。

△thanks to幸亏；由于；因为

Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved.

多亏你的帮助，减少了许多麻烦。

Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled.

因为天气不好, 比赛被取消了。

知识拓展

英语中表示“由于；因为”这一意思的其他短语还有：because of/owing to/due to/on account of/as a result of

The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.

该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。

Owing to the rain, the meeting has to be put off.

会议因雨而推迟了。

△rid sb./sth. of... 使某人/某物摆脱……；从……中解脱

You should rid yourself of the bad habit.

你应该改掉那个坏习惯。

I tried all kinds of ways to rid the kitchen of mice.

我使用各种各样的方法除去厨房的老鼠。

2. Dr. Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. 袁博士对自己的生活非常满足。

△be satisfied with… = be content with… 对……感到满足或满意

I’m sure you’ll be satisfied with our product.

我相信您会满意我们的产品的。

One shouldn’t be satisfied with only a little success.

一个人不应该只因一点小成就而感到满足。

知识拓展

△satisfy vt. 使满意；满足

Nothing satisfies him—he is always complaining.

什么事情都不能让他满意—他总是在抱怨。

Her father tried his best to satisfy her demands.

她的父亲想尽一切办法来满足她的要求。

△satisfied adj. 满意的；满足的

satisfying= satisfactory adj. 令人满意的

When she had finished her meal, she gave a satisfied smile.

当她吃完饭后，她露出了满意的笑容。

It’s a most satisfying meal.

这是一顿很令人满意的饭。

What he did is far from satisfactory.

他所做的远不能令人满意。

△satisfaction  n. 满意，满足

Much to my satisfaction, my boss agreed to my suggestion.

令我非常满意的是老板同意了我的建议。

It gives me a sense of satisfaction that I can play a role.

我能起点儿作用使我有一种满足感。

3. He would rather keep time for his hobbies.

他更愿意把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。

△would rather 宁愿……

I would rather go out tonight, if you don’t mind.

如果你不介意的话, 我宁愿今晚出去。

I’ d rather walk than take a bus.

= I prefer to walk rather than take a bus.

= I would walk rather than take a bus.

我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。

John wants to see me today. I would rather he came tomorrow.

约翰今天想来看我。我宁愿他明天来。

I’d rather you hadn’t told me about that.

我宁愿你未曾把那件事告诉我。

I would rather not have taken his advice.

我宁愿没有听他的建议。

4. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time.

随着时间的推移，食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。

△build up 逐步建立，增进，增强，使扩大

Traffic is building up along the road to the coast.

通往海边的道路上的车辆在不断增加。

Try and build up his confidence a bit.

试试让他增加点对自己的信心。

You need a lot of fresh fruits to build up your body.

你需要多吃新鲜水果来增强你的体质。

You will need to build up your strength slowly after the operation.

手术后你要慢慢恢复体力。

We are trying to build up overseas markets for our cars.

我们正设法为我们的汽车开拓海外市场。

5. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illness.

这些化学物质有些会引起癌症或其他疾病。

△lead to 导致；造成（后果）；通向（无被动语态）

Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.

吃太多糖会导致健康问题。

His actions could lead to him losing his job.

他的行为有可能会导致他丢了工作。

All roads lead to Rome.

条条大路通罗马。

知识拓展

英语中常见的lead的其他用法：

We are leading a happy life.

我们过着幸福的生活。

I tried to lead the discussion to the main issue.

我试图把讨论引到主要话题上。

What led him to kill his wife?

是什么致使他杀死了自己的妻子？

6. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.

这还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。

keep...free from/of = protect sb./sth. from... 使……免受(影响/伤害)；使……不含(有害物)

Balanced diet and proper exercise keep you free from disease.

均衡的饮食和适当的锻炼能让你远离疾病。

We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我们应该远离毒品。

知识拓展

英语中常见的与free搭配的短语还有：

Relaxation exercises can free your body of tension.

放松的运动可以舒缓身体的紧张感。

A judge shall be free from/of prejudice.

法官应该不带偏见。

The delivery is free of charge. 免费送货。

本单元其它重要的短语

search for 寻找

in addition 而且；还有

turn to 转向；求助于

try doing sth. 尝试做某事

graduate from… 从……毕业

less developed countries欠发达国家

lead a …life过着……的生活

care about 关心；在乎

with the hope of… 怀着……的希望

care for 喜欢；照料

cause damage to… 对……造成破坏

be full of 充满

prevent …from …阻止……干某事

avoid doing… 避免做……1. Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing?

你种过植物吗？如果种过的话，你是怎么种植的？如果没有种过的话，你想要尝试种植什么植物？

△ If so为省略句式，意为“如果是这样的话”，if用作连词，so 用来代替上文的内容，以避免重复。If not 意为“如果不是这样的话，否则，要不然”，意义与If so 相反。

You may have some difficulty at first. If so, ring us.

一开始你可能会有些困难，如果是这样的话，给我们打电话。

Get up early tomorrow. If not, you will miss the early train.

明天早点起床，否则你将错过早班列车。

知识拓展

英语中有类似用法的句型还有：

I don’t know if there are some mistakes in my composition. If any, please point them out.

我不知道我的作文中是否有一些错误，如果有的话，请指出来。

If necessary, give me a ring.

如有必要的话, 打个电话给我。

I’ll help you if possible.

如果可能的话，我会帮助你。

2. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.

1974年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。

△不定式放在表示次序的词如the first, the last以及the only, the very, the right, the best等词后面作定语,且与所修饰的名词之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

He is always the first (student) to come and the last to leave.

他总是第一个来和最后一个离开的（学生）。

I think he is the right person to tell her about this.

我认为他是告诉她这件事的最合适的人选了。

3. Using his hybrid rice, framers are producing harvest twice as large as before. 用他的杂交水稻， 农民种出的粮食是以前的两倍。

△“…times as+形容词/副词的原级+ as”为常见的倍数表达法，意为“是……的几倍”。

This room is three times as big as that one.

这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。

知识拓展

英语中常见的倍数表达法还有：

This room is twice bigger than that one.

= This room is three times the size of that one.

这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。

The output of TV sets in our factory is 15 times that of ten years ago.

= The output …is 15 times what it was ten years ago.

我们厂电视机的产量是10年前的15倍。【近期福利】

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