戴眼镜越久近视越深，是误区还是雷区？

胡萝卜能提高视力Docarrotsimproveyourvision我们对视力的12个误解12mi...

我们都能回忆起自己小时候，父母、老师和哥哥姐姐们曾经告诉过我们的那些有关视力怪异又吓人的事情。

We can probably all recount at least a dozen weird and alarming things parents, teachers, and older siblings told us about our eyes when we were kids. 比如，如果我们再继续向哥哥扮鬼脸，以后就会变成斗鸡眼，又或者在黑暗中阅读眼睛会瞎掉。

Forinstance, we'd be permanently cross-eyed if we didn't stop making those facesat our brother or we'd go blind from reading in the dark.

但是，如果我们吃很多很多的胡萝卜，也许我们的眼睛还有救。以下就是关于视力的几个常见的误解和迷思。

But maybe, just maybe, we could find redemption by eating lots of carrots. Here area few common myths and misconceptions.斗鸡眼只有在你的两只眼睛没有同时看向同一个方向的时候才会出现。我们的每只眼睛周围有六块肌肉，它们由大脑中的信号控制。你的两只眼睛若是没有对齐，那么你的大脑就会得到两幅不同的图像。随着时间的流逝，这会造成更加严重的视力问题。不过你短暂地装一下斗鸡眼并不能达到这种效果。

Crossed eyes occur when your eyes don't look the same way at the same time. There are six muscles attached to each of our eyes that, guided by signals from the brain, control their movements. When your eyes don't align, the brain gets two different images. Over time, this can cause more serious vision issues. That's a real problem, but it's not caused by making your eyes cross on purpose for short periods of time.

其实胡萝卜对你的视力没有坏处，它们含有丰富的β-胡萝卜素，随后你的身体会将它们变成维他命A，这种维他命对视力至关重要。但胡萝卜无法让你的夜间视力变得超常。

Well, carrots certainly aren't bad for your eyesight. They contain plenty of beta-carotene, which your body converts into vitamin A, a crucial vitamin for vision. But carrots don't do anything exceptional for your nighttime vision.人类刚出生的时候，眼球直径约为16毫米，成年后会达到24毫米。但你的眼睛变大了并不意味着你的视力变强了。事实上，人类眼睛过度增长会造成近视。如果眼球太长，那么眼睛的晶状体就无法将光线聚集在视网膜的正确位置，人类也无法接收到清晰的图像。

When you're born, your eyeballs are approximately 16 millimeters in diameter,reaching 24 millimeters as an adult. But your eyes getting larger does notnecessarily mean that your vision is getting better. In fact, excessive growthin human eyes can cause myopia, or nearsightedness. If the eyeball is too long,the eye's lens can't focus the light in the right part of the retina to processimages clearly.我们的情绪和精神状态也会造成瞳孔扩张性唤起、解决了复杂的数学问题和恐惧等都会让瞳孔大小发生变化，不过人类并未完全了解其中的原因。

Sexualarousal, solving a complicated mental math problem, fear, and other cognitiveand emotional events can provoke changes in pupil size, though the precisereasons why are not yet clearly understood.即便在多云和大雾天气，紫外线也会伤害我们的眼睛，多年持续下来会增大你患白内障的风险。

Evenon cloudy and foggy days, ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause eye damage.Years of exposure can increase your risk of developing cataracts.戴度数合适的眼镜会让“近视度数增长变慢”。

Givingthe correct prescription "reduces the progression of myopia."
在昏暗的灯光下阅读会暂时让你的眼睛用力过度，但不会永久损害你的视力。

Whilereading in semi-darkness may put a temporary strain on your eyes, it's notgoing to permanently damage your eyesight.

有些眼睛问题会遗传，但这并不意味着我们视力受损的程度会与父母一致。有研究发现如果父母双方是近视，那么他们孩子近视的概率为百分之三十至百分之四十。如果父母仅一人近视，那么孩子近视的概率为百分之二十至百分之二十五。若父母双方均不近视，那么孩子近视的概率为百分之十（此概率是以欧美国家人口为基准，中国人患近视的概率要远远大于此概率）。

You might, of course, because some eye problems are genetic. But there's noguarantee that we will develop the same vision impairments as our parents. Onestudy found that if both parents are myopic, there's a 30 to 40 percent chancethat the child is. If only one parent is myopic, the child has a 20 to 25percent chance, and it's down to 10 percent for kids with non-myopic parents.

越来越多人长时间盯着屏幕之后会眼干眼涩，美国眼科协会将这些症状统称为计算机视觉综合症，继续盯着小屏幕会让这种症状加重。美国眼科协会建议人们遵循20-20-20规则：每隔二十分钟，休息二十秒钟，并试图看看20英尺以外的东西。

Moreand more people are complaining of symptoms like dry, irritated eyes afterprolonged periods of screen time. The American Optometric Association (AOA)defines this group of symptoms collectively as Computer Vision Syndrome—or Digital Eye Strain—which can be further exacerbated by trying to focus on small screenssuch as tablets or phones. The AOA recommends following the 20-20-20 rule:Every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to look at something 20 feet away.哈佛的研究人员指出，维他命也许能够减缓黄斑退化的过程，但对于没啥毛病的人来说，用这类维他命预防并没有什么效果。

Accordingto Harvard researchers, vitamins may help slow the progression of maculardegeneration, but for people not already suffering from the disease,preventative use of such vitamins didn't appear to make a significantdifference.虽然医生说越早治疗越好，但其实随着科技的发展也有越来越多的技术能够帮助弱视的成年人。Whiledoctors say that the sooner it's treated the better, there are an increasingnumber of remedies that can help adults as well.只有百分之十八视力严重受损的人永久失明，大部分盲人能够区分光明和黑暗。

Only 18 percent of people who have visual impairments are totally blind. Most areable to differentiate between light and dark.

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