Guideline for Environmental Hygiene in School 学校环境卫生工作指引

Since infective agents can survive in the environment...



Since infective agents can survive in the environment for a period of time, it is essential to observe proper environmental hygiene.

由于病原体可以在环境中生存一段时间，所以注意环境卫生非常重要。

Different types of disinfectants can be used to clean the environment. Household bleach, which normally contains 5.25% hypochlorite solution, is the most convenient and effective disinfectant.

The 1 in 99 diluted household bleach (5.25%) is sufficient for general cleaning purpose and 1 in 49 diluted household bleach should be used for places contaminated with respiratory secretions, vomitus or excreta.不同消毒清洁剂都可以用来清洁环境。含5.25%次氯酸钠的家用漂白水是最方便有效的消毒清洁剂。

1比99 稀释家用漂白水（5.25%）已足够一般清洁之用， 而1比49稀释家用漂白水应用于处理被呼吸道分泌物、呕吐物或排泄物污染的地方。

✴ Maintain good indoor ventilation, open windows wide and turn on fans or exhaust fans. Make sure air-conditioning systems are well-maintained. Clean air-filters regularly and keep them clean.

✴ Clean and disinfect the school premises including classrooms, kitchen canteen, toilets, bathrooms, and school buses with 1 in 99 diluted household bleach (mixing 1 part of 5.25% bleach with 99 parts of water), wait until the disinfectant dries up, then rinse with water and keep dry.

✴ Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces, such as furniture, toys and commonly shared items (such as computer keyboards) at least daily by using appropriate disinfectant (e.g. 1 in 99 diluted household bleach by mixing 1 part of 5.25% bleach with 99 parts of water for non-metalic surfaces; or 70% alcohol for metallic surfaces), leave for 15-30 minutes, and then rinse with water and keep dry.

✴ Use absorbent disposable towels to wipe away obvious contaminants such as respiratory secretions, vomitus or excreta, then disinfect the surface and neighbouring areas with appropriate disinfectant (e.g. 1 in 49 diluted household bleach by mixing 1 part of 5.25% bleach with 49 parts of water for non-metalic surfaces; or 70% alcohol for metallic surfaces), leave for 15-30 minutes and then rinse with water and keep dry.✔ 保持室內空气流通，尽量打开窗户、打开风扇或排气扇。需确保空调有良好的保养，定期清洗空调防尘网，保持其清洁。

✔  用1比99稀释家用漂白水（把1份5.25%漂白水与99份清水混和）清洁和消毒学校/中心的地方，包括教室、厨房、饭堂、厕所、浴室和校车等，待干后，用水清洗並擦干。

✔  最少每天清洁和消毒经常接触的表面、如家具、玩具和共用物件（如电脑键盘）。使用适当的消毒清洁剂（如用1比99稀释家用漂白水，即把1份5.25%漂白水与99份清水混和，清洁非金属表面；或用70%酒精消毒金属表面），15至30分钟后，才用水清洗。

✔  用吸水力強的一次性抹巾清理可见的污物，如呼吸道分泌物、呕吐物及排泄物， 然后用适当的消毒清洁剂消毒被污染的地方及附近各处（如用1比49稀释家用漂白水，即把1份5.25%漂白水与49份清水混和，清洁非金属表面，或用70%火酒消毒金属表面），待15至30分钟后，用水清洗并擦干。

✴ Keep the kitchen clean. Wash the exhaust fan and range hood regularly.

✴ Store eating utensils in a clean cupboard.

✴ Keep worktops in the kitchen clean.

✴ Keep the floor dry after cleaning to prevent slip.

✴ Do not store personal items such as clothes or shoes in the kitchen.

✴ Cover garbage bins properly to avoid breeding of mosquitoes, cockroaches, flies and rodents.✔  保持厨房清洁，定时清洗排气扇及抽油烟机。

✔  餐具等须放在干净的碗柜內。

✔  厨房工作台表面须保持清洁。

✔  地面清洁后须擦干，以防跌倒。

✔  请勿把衣服鞋子等個人用品存放在厨房。

✔  垃圾桶须盖好，避免蚊子、蟑螂、苍蝇和老鼠等滋生。

✴ Keep toilets, changing rooms, and bathrooms clean and hygienic.

✴ Provide liquid soap and disposable tissue towels or hand dryers for hand washing.

✴ Ensure the flushing system of the toilet is in proper function.

✴ Make sure that the drain pipes are built with U-shaped water traps and do not alter the pipelines without authorisation.

✴ Pour about half a litre of water into each drain outlet regularly (aboutl once a week) so as to maintain the water column in the pipe as water lock to prevent the spread of micro-organisms.

✴ Make sure that the soil pipes are unobstructed and the sewage drainsl are functioning properly without leakage so as to avoid breeding of infective agents.✔  保持厕所、更衣室或浴室清洁卫生。

✔  配置洗手液、擦手纸或干手机，供洗手。

✔  确保厕所的沖水系统运作正常。

✔  确保下水道有U型管，切勿擅自更改管道。

✔  定期（约每周一次）把约半公升清水注入每個排水口，以保持U型管中有足夠的存水，防止病原体的传播。

✔  保持排粪管畅通及下水道功能正常、无渗漏，以免病原体滋生。

✴ Cover garbage bins with lids.

✴ Wrap up rubbish properly before discarding it into garbage bins with lids.

✴ Empty garbage bins at least once a day.

✴ Wash hands thoroughly after handling garbage.✔  垃圾桶必须有盖。

✔  垃圾要包好及放入有盖的垃圾桶內。

✔  每天最少要清理垃圾桶一次。

✔  处理垃圾后要彻底洗手。

✴ Rinse floor mop, wiper or other cleaning utensils with water to remove solid or bulky waste if any.

✴ Disinfect such utensils by immersing them in 1 in 49 diluted household bleach (5.25%) for 30 minutes.

✴ Then wash with detergents and clean water.

✴ Re-use after drying out.✔  用清水沖洗拖把、抹布或其他清洁用具，以清除固体或体积大的垃圾。

✔  然后把该用具泡在1比49稀释家用漂白水（把1份5.25%漂白水与49份清水混和）內30分鐘。

✔  再以清洁剂及清水冲干净。

✔  待干透后再使用。（来源：香港卫生防护中心）

统筹：宁可儿

美编：雷未明


往期精选【戳下方标题】

    关注 广东疾控