中英双字幕:什么是腰椎间盘突出?

 

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与颈椎间盘突出和腰椎间盘突出相比,胸椎间盘突出很少见,主要是因为胸椎活动度相对较少,因此引起椎间盘退变撕裂的机会较少。

但胸椎管内有脊髓穿行,椎管面积相对较小,一旦椎间盘突出,常会压迫脊髓,影响相应平面以下感觉、运动功能。

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胸椎间盘突出

Thoracic Herniated Disc




当背脊中段的椎间盘破裂,就会发生胸椎间盘突出。

A thoracic herniated disc occurs when a spinal disc in the mid-back ruptures.



在脊柱胸段或上背部,椎体间有11个有弹性的椎间盘。

In the thoracic spine, or upper back, there are eleven spongy discs positioned between the bony vertebrae.



脊柱中每一个健康的椎间盘都包含有胶冻状的内核,称为髓核,以及坚韧的外壳,称为纤维环。

Each healthy disc in the spine contains a jellylike inner core, called the nucleus pulposus, and a tough outer coating, called the annulus fibrosus.
在胸段脊柱的中央部位,有脊髓在椎管中穿行,在每个椎体节段,都有神经根从椎管发出。

In the center of the thoracic spine the spinal cord travels through the spinal canal, and at each vertebral level a nerve root exits the canal

当胸椎间盘突出时,内部的髓核漏出,可挤压或引起其中一根神经根的炎症。

When a thoracic disc herniates, the inner nucleus pulposus leaks out, which can impinge upon or cause inflammation near one of these exiting nerve roots.



当此发生时,称为侧方突出,会起沿受累神经支配范围的放射性神经痛,比如:放射到胸部或腹部。

When this happens, called a lateral herniation, it can cause radiating nerve pain along the path of the affected nerve, such as into the chest or abdomen.



如果胸椎间盘突出向后压迫脊髓,可引起受压脊髓平面以下的麻木、行走困难、失衡以及大小便无法控制,这种情况称为脊髓病。

If a thoracic disc herniates back into the spinal cord area, it may cause numbness below the level of cord compression, as well as difficulty with walking or balance, or possible loss of bowel and bladder control—a condition called myleopathy.



如果胸椎间盘突出既压迫脊髓,又压迫侧方的神经,称为中央伴侧方突出,症状包括放射痛及脊髓病的表现。

If a thoracic disc herniates both back into the spinal cord and to the side, called a centro-lateral herniation, symptoms may include a combination of radiating pain and myelopathy.



胸椎间盘突出较少见。一般发生于胸8或胸8椎体以下平面,最多见的是最下面一节的胸椎节段。

Thoracic disc herniations are rare. When they do occur, they tend to occur below the eighth thoracic vertebra, or T8 level, and the lowest thoracic segment is the most common.



大部分胸椎间盘突出可以自愈,或经过非手术治疗而痊愈。但对于已经引起脊髓症状或难以忍受的疼痛的,可以推荐手术治疗。

Most thoracic herniated discs heal on their own or with nonsurgical treatment, but in some cases of myelopathy or intolerable pain, surgery may be recommended.



来源:Spine-Health.com

(胡佰文 译)

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