最新调查：拥有一份工作有助于女性HIV感染者管理自身疾病
研究者发现，女性因工作而对家庭以外的社会做出了一些贡献，从而会对她们产生积极的心理影响。很明显，有一份工作不仅增加了家庭收入，还带来自己所期待的利益。...
Having a job helps women with HIV manage their illness, according to new research
最新调查：拥有一份工作有助于女性HIV感染者管理自身疾病
来源 | http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-06-job-women-hiv-illness.html#nRlv翻译 |
肖迪，哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院公共事业管理专业(2013级)
校译 | 姜红
(Medical Xpress)—Having a job helps women with HIV manage their illnesses,according to researchers from Case Western Reserve University and the University of California at San Francisco.
(医疗新闻): 来自凯斯西储大学(Case Western Reserve University)和旧金山的加州大学(University of California)研究人员的研究表明：拥有一份工作有助于感染艾滋病病毒(HIV)的女性对疾病进行管理。
The routine of a work schedule, plus the job-related money and benefits, provides extra emotional support for these women, said Allison Webel, assistant professor of nursing at Case Western Reserve University's Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing and the study's lead author. Findings in the National Institutes of Health-supported study were published this month in Social Science & Medicine.
“一份有规律的工作日程安排表，以及工作所带来的薪水和其它利益，能给这些女性感染者提供额外的情感支持。”凯斯西储大学的弗朗西斯-佩恩顿护理学院的助理教授Allison Webel给出了这一说法，同时她也是该学科研究的带头人。这项由国家健康研究院支持的调查结果，发表在了本月的《社会科学与医学》杂志上。
The positive effect of work for women with HIV was based on surveying 260 participants about their social resources. The respondents had an average age of 46, many were mothers, and African American. The researchers, who do not know why, also found African Americans were better able to self-manage thedaily disease-related tasks than women from other ethnic groups.
这项关于工作对女性HIV感染者的积极效果，是基于对260名研究对象的社会资源进行调查而得出的。受访者平均年龄为46岁，很多已为人母，且非裔美国人居多。调查结果显示，非裔美国女性在处理疾病的日常事务方面能力要强于其他种族的女性。关于这一点，研究者并没有找到原因。
Self-management is a series of daily tasks, from taking medications, exercising and eating right to marshaling support when needed and keeping doctor appointments. According the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 25 percent of the HIV population nationally (50 percent worldwide) are women.
自我管理，涉及一系列的日常事务，从服药、锻炼、对自身饮食的合理规划，到必要时寻求调整支持以及保持和医生的预约会诊。疾病预防和控制中心的数据显示，全国有25%（世界有50%）的HIV感染者为女性。
Many have limited financial means and live in poverty or are homeless,making it difficult to maintain their medications and keep health appointments that keep them healthy, Webel said. But Webel explained that women who juggle many different responsibilities may find it hard to maintain a health routine but for those who do maintain one increase their chances of living a normal life span.
Webel认为，对于许多经济困难，生活在贫困中，又或是那些无家可归的人来说，为了自身健康而进行的药物维持和健康预约诊疗是很难实现的。但Webel解释说：对于身担多种任务的女性来说，维持一个健康的生活习惯是困难的，而一旦坚持住就可以增加她们在正常寿命范围内的生存机会。
在过去，许多女性辞去工作来对抗HIV和照顾自己的健康。但在当前，HIV抗逆转录病毒疗法在防止感染状况发展成艾滋病发病状态起着重要的作用，而且也助于延缓与HIV相关疾病的发生，比如，癌症、心脏病和肝脏感染性疾病。Webel说：现在女性HIV感染者希望去工作了，而且发现她们自己即使感染了HIV，也是可以生活得很好的。
The researchers found that work offers these women the positive psychological effect of contributing to the world outside their homes.Obviously, having a job also increases family income and can provide much–needed benefits.
研究者发现，女性因工作而对家庭以外的社会做出了一些贡献，从而会对她们产生积极的心理影响。很明显，有一份工作不仅增加了家庭收入，还带来自己所期待的利益。
The researchers found that low incomes and lack of advanced education and training prevent many women from finding gainful employment. The researchers called for more training programs to help these women find and hold jobs.
研究者发现，低收入和缺少高等教育与培训使得许多女性很难找到一份有收益的工作。研究者呼吁，应该提供更多的培训项目来帮助这些女性找到工作，并且保住工作。
The researchers also suggested further investigation into establishing microenterprises nationally — small businesses similar to those established in developing countries that provide income for women with HIV to cover such necessities as food and housing.
研究者还建议，未来会进一步研究在全国范围建立一些微小实体企业（类似于那些在发展中国家建立的小企业），以此来增加女性HIV感染者的收入，从而可以用于她们支付食物或者是房子之类的生活必需品。
注：图片来自互联络。英文文本信息之版权归属Medical Xpress所有。
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