【轻松搞定中考新题型】：任务型阅读的答题指导及技巧
任务型阅读的答题指导及技巧...
2016年的中考英语将会有一项新变化：将阅读理解由4篇变为3篇，在此基础上增加含有3道问答式的阅读理解题，分值分别是1+2+3分，共计6分，答题参考时间10分钟。
对于新题型，灵活使用一些做题的技巧能够帮助学生们快速、高效的完成试题，并且保证正确率，以下是阅读理解的解题技巧介绍：
例题解读
（星海2016.3月考，原2014年淮安中考真题改编）
CCTV reported that every year Chinese people throw away a lot of food which can feed 200 million people for a year. （引出话题）Do we have too much food? Of course not. According to the UN World Food Programme,there were 900 million hungry people all over the world in 2013. About six million children die of hunger every year.
So think about it. We should say no to people who waste food every day. An old saying goes, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work.” It tells us everybody must save food. （陈述现状（原因）并得出结论）
Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Jiangsu, once lost her job because she took some leftover(剩余的) food home for her son. But many people were by her side and criticized (批评) the waste of food. （举例说明）
What should we do in our daily life to stop wasting food? We can do many things to prevent it from happening. Here are some tips: （给予建议）
Don't order too much food in a restaurant. Only order as much as you can eat. If you can’t eat all the food you order, take the rest of it home.
Don’t be too picky(挑剔的) about food. Some food may not be tasty, but our body need it.
Don’t keep too much food at home, especially for fruit and vegetables.
21.How many hungry people were there over the world in 2013? 1’
___ About 900 million ______________________________________________________
22.Why did Li Hong lose her job? 2’
___ Because she took some leftover food home for her son. _________________________
23.What’s the main idea of the passage? 3’
____The reasons we can’t waste food and the ways to stop wasting food.______
注意该题3分.（至少包括2个点），回答问题简洁明了即可。
考查题型及提问方式
Ø 捕捉信息能力（原文重现）：属基础题。 如上21、22题
• 文章信息归纳：
出题形式：6个wh- 1个how
Why do men suffer more from heart problems than women? 【2013徐州卷】
How many kinds of tears does the body usually produce? 【2013徐州卷】
Who is looking after Xiao Li? 【2013淮安卷】
Where did the charity event take place? 【2013淮安卷】
What do tears do when dust gets into your eye? 【2013徐州卷】
审清题目要求，找出题中在文章中出现的对应段落，用自己的话进行转述。
• 是非题
Are languages important in the Olympics? 【2012淮安卷】
Will the poisonous chemicals in the body do harm to the heart? 【2013徐州卷】
Have actions been taken to help solve the problem? 【2013淮安卷】
Is the Internet necessary and virtual for people? 【2011淮安卷】
是非题，提问形式为疑问句，锁定范围，在范围内划出依据，使用Yes/No作答。
Ø 综合概括信息能力（主旨概括）：属概括题。如上23题
出题形式：
What’s the main idea of the passage? 【2014淮安卷】
What is the best title of the passage?
What is the purpose of the writer writing the passage?
What does the writher want to tell us by Paragraph 4?
答题关键：抓住文章结构（先总后分/先分后总/总分总），确定总写在篇首还是篇尾，然后作答。
Ø 组织信息能力：属活用题。
出题形式：
What will you do to reduce the pressures of living and working to keep fit? 【2013徐州卷】
What other suggestions would you give to solve the cell phones mentioned?
How would you settle the puppy love problem, if you were the headmaster?
If cell phones are acceptable in your school, please list two rules about the correct use of cell phones.
答题关键： 主观性最强，需要准确把握主旨，围绕文章的中心观点列出要点，扩点成句，进行润色。但要注意不能不着边际，离题万里。
4步骤：审－读－划－答
1.认真审题，读懂题意。
带着问题看文章，做到心中有数。
2.快速浏览，掌握大意。
3.细读题目，完成任务。
在此阶段，可通过各种解题方法，逐一回答每个问题。
复读文章，核实任务。
实例练习1.认真审题，读懂题意。
带着问题看文章，做到心中有数。
2.快速浏览，掌握大意。
3.细读题目，完成任务。
在此阶段，可通过各种解题方法，逐一回答每个问题。
复读文章，核实任务。
1（星海一轮复习8a单元测试）
What makes you happy? Perhaps it is the love of your family or the friendship of your classmates. We all want people to like us, so it is natural for us to do what we can to please others. However, we also know that this is not always possible. Life does not always run smoothly for us. ... Mistakes happen.
What happens when you make a mistake? Do you try to hide（隐藏） the fact, or deny（否认） any responsibility（责任）? We all know that this behavior usually makes the situation much worse. As we grow and mature we should realize the best thing to do after a mistake is made is to accept responsibility, and to offer an apology to those affected.
Taking ownership of a mistake and saying you’re sorry allows several positive things to happen. It helps people to regain trust and confidence in you, and it helps to repair any damage（损害）caused by the mistake.
Another very important aspect of saying you’re sorry is that It helps people to regain trust and confidence in you, and it helps to repair any damage（损害）caused by the mistake. It allows you to put a mistake behind you and to move on with your life. Accepting responsibility also helps us to learn from our errors, and encourages us not to repeat them in the future. Perhaps it also helps us to learn how to forgive（原谅） others who make mistakes. Learning to say you’re sorry is a sure way to learn how to respect yourself and others.
1.Will hiding the fact or denying responsibilities make the situation better? 1’
_____________________________________________________________________
2.Why do we often do something to please others?2’
_____________________________________________________________________
3.When you make a mistake, will you apologize(道歉)? Why or why not?3’
__________________________________________________________
1.No. they won’t
2.Because we all want people to like us.
3.Yes, I will. Because it can help people regain trust and confidence in me and it helps to repair any damage caused by the mistake and help me to regain respect for myself.
What makes you happy? Perhaps it is the love of your family or the friendship of your classmates. We all want people to like us, so it is natural for us to do what we can to please others. However, we also know that this is not always possible. Life does not always run smoothly for us. ... Mistakes happen.
What happens when you make a mistake? Do you try to hide（隐藏） the fact, or deny（否认） any responsibility（责任）? We all know that this behavior usually makes the situation much worse. As we grow and mature we should realize the best thing to do after a mistake is made is to accept responsibility, and to offer an apology to those affected.
Taking ownership of a mistake and saying you’re sorry allows several positive things to happen. It helps people to regain trust and confidence in you, and it helps to repair any damage（损害）caused by the mistake.
Another very important aspect of saying you’re sorry is that It helps people to regain trust and confidence in you, and it helps to repair any damage（损害）caused by the mistake. It allows you to put a mistake behind you and to move on with your life. Accepting responsibility also helps us to learn from our errors, and encourages us not to repeat them in the future. Perhaps it also helps us to learn how to forgive（原谅） others who make mistakes. Learning to say you’re sorry is a sure way to learn how to respect yourself and others.
1.Will hiding the fact or denying responsibilities make the situation better? 1’
_____________________________________________________________________
2.Why do we often do something to please others?2’
_____________________________________________________________________
3.When you make a mistake, will you apologize(道歉)? Why or why not?3’
__________________________________________________________
1.No. they won’t
2.Because we all want people to like us.
3.Yes, I will. Because it can help people regain trust and confidence in me and it helps to repair any damage caused by the mistake and help me to regain respect for myself.
2（昆山模拟题）
We parents like to make sure that our children are eating well and getting all the nutrients(营养)they need. Children need two or three kinds of vegetables every day.
A simple way to get children to eat vegetables is eating them ourselves. Following our habit, they may start eating vegetables. Don't say things like, "If you eat your vegetables, you can have desserts(餐后甜食)”. These methods work for a while but can possibly lead them to hate vegetables more. Giving your children new varieties(多样性)will help her or him develop a taste for trying new things.
Sometimes the simple things just don't work. We have to start becoming a little creative when it comes to making our children eat these vegetables. By doing this in the beginning when they are small, it will hopefully help them learn to love vegetables.
Think of creative ways to make children eat vegetables. For example, cut up vegetables like carrots, tomatoes, and assemble(集合)a creative way on a plate for an afternoon snack. Or try using cheese sauce either by dipping(浸)vegetables or by putting the cheese right on top of the uncooked vegetables.
If you prefer, you can also add a teaspoon of sugar on top of cooked green beans and peas to give them a little sweeter taste. Doing this shouldn't lead to a sweet tooth as long as you only give them a small amount.
If you have a child that refuses to eat vegetables, some of the advice I've listed will help to turn that around. In the end, you're not just getting them to eat vegetables; you are helping them
to live a healthier lifestyle.
1.How many kinds of vegetables does a child need every day? (1’)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.What is this article mainly talking about? (2’)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.Do you like the ways your parents make you eat vegetables? Why or Why not? (3’)
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.Two or three.
2.How to make children eat vegetables/ the ways to make children eat vegetables.
3.Yes, I do. Because my parents always think of creative ways to cook vegetables and vegetables can help me get all the nutrients.
We parents like to make sure that our children are eating well and getting all the nutrients(营养)they need. Children need two or three kinds of vegetables every day.
A simple way to get children to eat vegetables is eating them ourselves. Following our habit, they may start eating vegetables. Don't say things like, "If you eat your vegetables, you can have desserts(餐后甜食)”. These methods work for a while but can possibly lead them to hate vegetables more. Giving your children new varieties(多样性)will help her or him develop a taste for trying new things.
Sometimes the simple things just don't work. We have to start becoming a little creative when it comes to making our children eat these vegetables. By doing this in the beginning when they are small, it will hopefully help them learn to love vegetables.
Think of creative ways to make children eat vegetables. For example, cut up vegetables like carrots, tomatoes, and assemble(集合)a creative way on a plate for an afternoon snack. Or try using cheese sauce either by dipping(浸)vegetables or by putting the cheese right on top of the uncooked vegetables.
If you prefer, you can also add a teaspoon of sugar on top of cooked green beans and peas to give them a little sweeter taste. Doing this shouldn't lead to a sweet tooth as long as you only give them a small amount.
If you have a child that refuses to eat vegetables, some of the advice I've listed will help to turn that around. In the end, you're not just getting them to eat vegetables; you are helping them
to live a healthier lifestyle.
1.How many kinds of vegetables does a child need every day? (1’)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.What is this article mainly talking about? (2’)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.Do you like the ways your parents make you eat vegetables? Why or Why not? (3’)
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.Two or three.
2.How to make children eat vegetables/ the ways to make children eat vegetables.
3.Yes, I do. Because my parents always think of creative ways to cook vegetables and vegetables can help me get all the nutrients.
其他地区练习（题数与题型略不同）
1 （08年淮安中考真题）
If you ask me what my future ambition(雄心) is, I won’t say any great words to show I am a man with great minds. I may just tell you: My ambition is to save our earth!
You must be surprised to hear that. I will tell you the reason. It's because I once had a terrible dream. In the dream, I couldn't see anyone. Deserts nearly took up the very little farmland. I felt thirsty, but there was no water. Though I cried ‘Help’ again and again, there was no answer. Suddenly, I woke up and realized that it was only a dream. However, it is coming true. That’s all our human beings' faults. We must save our earth.
Long ago, human beings already began destroying the earth. They killed animals, cut trees, and invented cars. Many animals have now become endangered, and many forests have disappeared. Cars are also giving out waste gas into the air.
Our life is getting better now, but at the same time, we are beginning to suffer from the bad results: The weather is getting worse and the natural resources are running out. Luckily, we human beings have taken some actions: The birth rate ( 出生率) is under control; more trees are being planted. However, not everyone has taken that seriously.
I hope human beings will all be civilized(文明的). I will try to save our earth together with everybody else. That’s what I want to do in the 21st century.
阅读上面短文，回答下列问题。
1.What is the writer’s ambition?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.Why did the writer have the ambition?
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.Did human beings begin destroying the earth long ago?
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.What actions have human beings taken?
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.What else can you do to make our earth a better place?
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.To save our earth.
2.It’s because I once had a terrible dream.
3.Yes, (they did).
4.The birth rate ( 出生率) is under control and more trees are being planted.
5.该题为主观题，答案合理即可。
If you ask me what my future ambition(雄心) is, I won’t say any great words to show I am a man with great minds. I may just tell you: My ambition is to save our earth!
You must be surprised to hear that. I will tell you the reason. It's because I once had a terrible dream. In the dream, I couldn't see anyone. Deserts nearly took up the very little farmland. I felt thirsty, but there was no water. Though I cried ‘Help’ again and again, there was no answer. Suddenly, I woke up and realized that it was only a dream. However, it is coming true. That’s all our human beings' faults. We must save our earth.
Long ago, human beings already began destroying the earth. They killed animals, cut trees, and invented cars. Many animals have now become endangered, and many forests have disappeared. Cars are also giving out waste gas into the air.
Our life is getting better now, but at the same time, we are beginning to suffer from the bad results: The weather is getting worse and the natural resources are running out. Luckily, we human beings have taken some actions: The birth rate ( 出生率) is under control; more trees are being planted. However, not everyone has taken that seriously.
I hope human beings will all be civilized(文明的). I will try to save our earth together with everybody else. That’s what I want to do in the 21st century.
阅读上面短文，回答下列问题。
1.What is the writer’s ambition?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.Why did the writer have the ambition?
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.Did human beings begin destroying the earth long ago?
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.What actions have human beings taken?
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.What else can you do to make our earth a better place?
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.To save our earth.
2.It’s because I once had a terrible dream.
3.Yes, (they did).
4.The birth rate ( 出生率) is under control and more trees are being planted.
5.该题为主观题，答案合理即可。
2 (2014年泰州中考英语真题)
As we know, everyone can make mistakes, but don't worry about it. The following is what we should do when we make mistakes.
Firstly, just admit (承认) it. Don't think that our mistakes are caused by others. Be brave and face the fact that we have made the mistakes. Don't blame other people, and don’t cheat (欺骗) ourselves, either. (1) After we make mistakes, we can prevent them disturbing us by laughing at ourselves.
Secondly, (2) _________ _________at once. In order to stop the problem from getting worse, we should act quickly to solve it. If we don't act and deal with the problem quickly, it’ll only make us feel more stressed. Also it is necessary to make a plan of action and correct the mistake according to it. So decide quickly and act!
Thirdly, realize that making mistakes is the best way to learn. Those who have made the most mistakes can get an A, for they are the ones who have learned the most. The more we learn from our mistakes, the cleverer we are.
And lastly, think about what we can learn from our mistakes. What caused us to make the mistake? How can we avoid（避免）making the same mistake in the future? When we act with a method（方法）to get a good result, do it that way next time. If we don't, we should stop, think about it, change it and try again.
1.把(1)句译成中文。
______________________________________________________________________________
2.在(2)句的空白处分别填入一个适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.回答问题：What should we do if we don't get a good result with a method?
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.在文中找出与If we learn more from our mistakes, we will become cleverer.意思相近的句子，并将它写在答题卡上。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.在文中找出最能表达该短文主题的句子，并将它写在答题卡上。
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.在我们犯错误后，我们可以通过自嘲的方式，组织它们来打扰我们。
2.Solve it.
3.If we don't, we should stop, think about it, change it and try again.
4.The more we learn from our mistakes, the cleverer we are.
5.After we make mistakes, we can prevent them disturbing us by laughing at ourselves.
As we know, everyone can make mistakes, but don't worry about it. The following is what we should do when we make mistakes.
Firstly, just admit (承认) it. Don't think that our mistakes are caused by others. Be brave and face the fact that we have made the mistakes. Don't blame other people, and don’t cheat (欺骗) ourselves, either. (1) After we make mistakes, we can prevent them disturbing us by laughing at ourselves.
Secondly, (2) _________ _________at once. In order to stop the problem from getting worse, we should act quickly to solve it. If we don't act and deal with the problem quickly, it’ll only make us feel more stressed. Also it is necessary to make a plan of action and correct the mistake according to it. So decide quickly and act!
Thirdly, realize that making mistakes is the best way to learn. Those who have made the most mistakes can get an A, for they are the ones who have learned the most. The more we learn from our mistakes, the cleverer we are.
And lastly, think about what we can learn from our mistakes. What caused us to make the mistake? How can we avoid（避免）making the same mistake in the future? When we act with a method（方法）to get a good result, do it that way next time. If we don't, we should stop, think about it, change it and try again.
1.把(1)句译成中文。
______________________________________________________________________________
2.在(2)句的空白处分别填入一个适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.回答问题：What should we do if we don't get a good result with a method?
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.在文中找出与If we learn more from our mistakes, we will become cleverer.意思相近的句子，并将它写在答题卡上。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.在文中找出最能表达该短文主题的句子，并将它写在答题卡上。
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.在我们犯错误后，我们可以通过自嘲的方式，组织它们来打扰我们。
2.Solve it.
3.If we don't, we should stop, think about it, change it and try again.
4.The more we learn from our mistakes, the cleverer we are.
5.After we make mistakes, we can prevent them disturbing us by laughing at ourselves.
3 (14年南通中考真题)
（本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
World Sleep Day，organized by the World Sleep Day Committee of the World Association of Sleep Medicine since 2008，is held on March 21 every year.
The aim of World Sleep Day is to celebrate the benefits of good and healthy sleep. Events involving discussions，presentations of educational materials and exhibitions take place around the world and online.
Sleep quality plays a key role in people’s health. Researchers say that there are a lot of advantages if we always get enough sleep. We can be smarter，thinner，healthier and more cheerful. Also we’re to have better skin，better memories and longer lives. When you lose even one hour of sleep for any reason，it will influence your performance the next day.
In general，adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night，but a recent survey found that，on workdays，only 21% of them really get a full eight hours of sleep，and another 21% get less than six. For teenagers，a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However，about 80% of high school students don’t get enough sleep because of their schoolwork or some bad habits.
27% of people throughout the world have sleep problems. Now there are over 80 kinds of sleep disorders，and most people know little about their danger. So，for our good life and work，it’s necessary for us to realize the importance of sleep and try to have a good sleep.
1.How long has World Sleep Day been celebrated so far？
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.What is the purpose of World Sleep Day？
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.What will happen if we sleep one hour less than we should？
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.Why don’t most high school students have enough sleep？
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.What suggestion will you make about our better sleep？（请自拟一句话作答）
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.For six years.
2.To celebrate the benefits of good and healthy sleep.
3.It will influence our performance the next day.
4.Because of their schoolwork and some bad habits.
5.We should have good sleep habits and enough sleep time.
（本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
World Sleep Day，organized by the World Sleep Day Committee of the World Association of Sleep Medicine since 2008，is held on March 21 every year.
The aim of World Sleep Day is to celebrate the benefits of good and healthy sleep. Events involving discussions，presentations of educational materials and exhibitions take place around the world and online.
Sleep quality plays a key role in people’s health. Researchers say that there are a lot of advantages if we always get enough sleep. We can be smarter，thinner，healthier and more cheerful. Also we’re to have better skin，better memories and longer lives. When you lose even one hour of sleep for any reason，it will influence your performance the next day.
In general，adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night，but a recent survey found that，on workdays，only 21% of them really get a full eight hours of sleep，and another 21% get less than six. For teenagers，a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However，about 80% of high school students don’t get enough sleep because of their schoolwork or some bad habits.
27% of people throughout the world have sleep problems. Now there are over 80 kinds of sleep disorders，and most people know little about their danger. So，for our good life and work，it’s necessary for us to realize the importance of sleep and try to have a good sleep.
1.How long has World Sleep Day been celebrated so far？
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.What is the purpose of World Sleep Day？
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.What will happen if we sleep one hour less than we should？
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.Why don’t most high school students have enough sleep？
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.What suggestion will you make about our better sleep？（请自拟一句话作答）
_______________________________________________________________________________
1.For six years.
2.To celebrate the benefits of good and healthy sleep.
3.It will influence our performance the next day.
4.Because of their schoolwork and some bad habits.
5.We should have good sleep habits and enough sleep time.
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