日常会话中的莎士比亚金句
Shakespearedied400yearsago—hereare5everydayphraseshecoined.说不定你爱用的那句俗语就是莎士比亚首创的呢~~...
威廉·莎士比亚写就了许多经典的剧作，同时也创造了许多流行金句，这些句子至今还经常出现在我们的日常会话中。
我们挑出了其中5句，一起来看看吧：
1
"Wear my heart upon my sleeve"
直译：把我的心放在袖子里
意译：敞开心扉
For daws to peck at: I am not what I am."
“但我会敞开心扉，任小鸟叼啄：我并非你们所看见的我。”——《奥赛罗》
How Shakespeare uses it:
莎士比亚如何使用这句话：
Devious Lago basically says that if his outward appearance reflected what he was thinking, then his heart would be on his sleeve for birds to peck at — which is not a good idea in his eyes.
狡诈的埃古想说的是：如果他的外表反映出他的内心所想，那他就是把心放在了袖子里，任小鸟叼啄——这在他看来并非好事。
And so he adds that he is actually not what he appears to be.
所以他补充道，他并非他看起来那样的人。
Notably, Iago's motives for his antagonistic behavior are never fully revealed — so it is interesting that he is the character who has immortalized this phrase.
尤其是，埃古那些敌对行为的动机从未完全流露出来——所以，他让这句子千古留名就显得特别滑稽。
Modern definition:
现代用法：
To show one's feelings openly.
坦诚地展示某人的情感。
2
"Vanish into thin air"
直译：遁入空气中
意译：消失得无影无踪
“那就把你的管风琴放到包里，因为我要走了。离开，离开得无影无踪！”——《奥赛罗》
How Shakespeare uses it:
莎士比亚如何使用这句话：
The Clown says this to the musicians in "Othello" to make them go away.
在《奥赛罗》中，小丑对乐师们说这句话，让他们走开。
But some have also suggested that there is a darker underlying meaning.
但是有些人说这句话有着更深刻更阴暗的意味。
Act 3 in Othello is the final act that suggests that all of this might have a happy ending.
奥赛罗第三幕暗示着所有故事都将迎来美满的结局。
It gets pretty dark starting in Act 4.
但是在第四幕，故事开始变得灰暗。
So the Clown might be symbolically asking musicians and all happy things to "vanish into thin air" because there's no more room for them in the play.
于是小丑象征性地如此要求乐师，意味着所有幸福都将“消失得无影无踪”，因为表演中没有容纳乐师的位置了。
A similar phrase is also found in "The Tempest."
同样的句子在《暴风雨》一剧中也有出现。
Modern definition:
现代用法：
To disappear without a trace.
消失得无影无踪
3
"Break the ice"
直译：破冰
意译：活跃氛围/与他人熟络起来
Katherina and Petruchio.
卡特里娜与皮特鲁乔
"... And if you break the ice and do this feat,Achieve the elder, set the younger free."
“……如果你打破坚冰并实践这项伟业，获得长者的欢心，给年轻人自由。”——《驯悍记》（Taming of the Shrew)
How Shakespeare uses it:
莎士比亚如何使用这句话：
Tranio suggests if Petruchio can "break the ice," then he will be able to woo Katherina.
特拉尼奥建议道，如果皮特鲁乔能够“打破坚冰”，那他就能追求卡特里娜。
By using the "ice" language, Shakespeare makes Katherina seem as cold as ice.
通过使用“坚冰”一般的语言，莎士比亚把卡特里娜塑造得像冰般冷酷的女子。
Moreover, the fact that the ice needs to be broken suggests that she is hard to reach.
此外，因为坚冰需要花大功夫打破，这一象征也暗示她是个很难靠近的人。
Modern definition:
现代用法：
"Break the ice" still means to get to know someone.
“打破坚冰”仍然是“逐渐了解某人”的意思。
[很多时候我们参加聚会、群面或者是精英英语的大课，开始都会进行一些小游戏，让大家彼此稍微熟络一点，更快地融入环境，这样的环节就叫“ice breaking”。]
4
"All of a sudden"
突然间
奥赛罗中的卡特里娜
"I pray, sir, tell me, is it possible
That love should of a sodaine take such hold?"
“我祈祷，先生，告诉我，爱情真的会突然间占据如此位置吗？”——《奥赛罗》
How Shakespeare uses it:
莎士比亚如何使用这句话：
Apparently, Shakespeare might have thought that "all of a sudden" was a more poetic way of saying"suddenly" so he had the character Tranio in "The Taming of the Shrew" say it that way.
显然，莎士比亚可能认为“all of a sudden”是表达“突然间”的一个更诗意的表达方法，所以他让特拉尼奥这个角色在《奥赛罗》中说出这句话。
Modern definition:
现代用法：
The meaning is the same, although we now spell it "sudden" rather than "sodaine."
意义照旧，不过我们现在表达“突然”是用“sudden”而非“sodaine”。
5
"Knock knock! Who's there?"
“咚咚！谁在那儿？”
（英文会话中常见的小玩笑）
Macbeth and the three witches.
麦克白与三个女巫
"Here's a knocking indeed! If a man were porter of hell-gate, he should have old turning the key.[Knocking]
Knock,knock, knock! Who's there, i' the name of Beelzebub?"
“确实有人敲门！如果这个人是地狱之门的守门人，那他应该能转动那个钥匙。
【敲门声】
咚，咚，咚！以魔鬼之名，是谁在那儿？”
How Shakespeare uses it:
莎士比亚如何使用这句话：
There's no direct connection from Macbeth to the knock-knock joke, but it is fun that a phrase that we now associate with lame-ish jokes is also found in the scene after Macbeth murders Duncan.
麦克白和这个敲门玩笑并没有什么直接的关系，但是，我们所熟知的老笑话出现在麦克白谋杀邓肯后的戏剧桥段中，这种关联不是挺有趣的吗？
Modern definition:
现代用法:
The knock-knock joke.
敲门笑话。
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