韩健带你读外刊——3 cybersecurity trends you may not know
跟着韩老师，每天收获一点点！...
【导读】网络安全问题日益严重，2015年受此影响，全球企业平均年度损失超770万美元，而根据调查，80%的开源和商业应用程序都存在安全漏洞。如今，网络安全隐患有了新的发展趋势，这对企业和政府都提出了不小的挑战。
Cybercrime is becoming increasingly costly for organizations. In 2015, average annual losses to companies worldwide from information-security incidents exceeded $7.7 million, according to a study by the Ponemon Institute. According to the new "Cyber Risk Report 2016" by HPE Security, more than 80% of open-source and commercial applications have security feature vulnerabilities that can lead to serious consequences such as data breaches.
【注1】首段即文章导读，交代事件发生背景及网络安全的现状。第三句话的主干是more than 80% of applications have security feature vulnerabilities，后面that引导定语从句，修饰先行词vulnerabilities。
1. Growth of collateral damages from security attacks.
Recent data breaches have resulted in more than just the theft of personal data such as credit-card numbers; they have potentially affected some people's reputations by releasing damaging information and conversations, according to the HPE Security report.
【注2】本段介绍了第一种新趋势：网络攻击所带来的间接损害的数量增加。整段是分号前后连接了两个并列句，即recent data breaches + have resulted in + …; they + have affected + reputations，后面by doing表示方式状语。
2. The rise ofmobile malware.
This is particularly true for Android malware. Android threats, malware, and potentially unwanted applications continued to grow last year.There were more than 10,000 new threats discovered daily, for a total year-over-year increase of 153%. The top malware families are designed to obtain financial benefits for attackers by installing unwanted components, sending or stealing SMS messages, or stealing confidential information.
【注3】本段介绍第二种新趋势：恶意软件的滋生，尤其是安卓系统的恶意软件尤为泛滥。第三句discovered是过去分词后置，相当于new threats which were discovered daily。最后一句主干是The top malware families + are designed to + obtain financial benefits + for attackers，by后面接了三个ing分词表示方式。
3. Emergence of new cybersecurity legislation and regulations.
As the reportnotes, shifting politics and cross-border agreements pose potential challenges for companies, and agencies such as the Federal Trade Commission and Departmentof Defense are poised to play an increasing role in ensuring enterprise and government cybersecurity obligations.
(http://www.businessinsider.com/sc/cybersecurity-trends-you-may-not-know-2016-3?jumpid=sc_zy8qfsm2cd_AID-510069234)
【注3】本段介绍第三种新趋势：新的网络安全法律法规的诞生给公司和政府部门都带来了挑战。整段话是and连接了两个并列句，即politics and agreements + pose + challenges, and + agencies + are poised to + play role+ in …。
词汇巩固：
1. cybersecurity n. 网络安全
2. costly adj. 昂贵的
3. incident n. 事件
4. exceed v. 超过
5. vulnerability n. 漏洞，计算机安全隐患
6. breach n. 违背，破坏
7. databreach 数据泄露
8. collateral adj. 旁系的，附属的
9. release v. 发布
10. malware n. 恶意软件
11. install v. 安装
12. confidential adj. 机密的
13. shifting adj. 不断改变的
14. pose v. 造成，形成
15. be poised to随时准备做
16. obligation n. 义务，职责
HJ原创译文：
1. 网络攻击的间接损害数量增加
根据HPE公司的报告，现在的数据泄露事件不仅会导致信用卡密码等个人数据的被盗，还可能通过公布有害信息和聊天记录等方式对人们的声誉造成影响。
2. 移动恶意软件的增加
这一点对于安卓系统而言再恰当不过了。去年，安卓系统的漏洞威胁、恶意软件和无用程序数量继续增加，每天发现超过10000个新的应用威胁，同比增长153%。一些主要的恶意软件通过安装无用组件、发送或盗取短信、或盗取机密信息等方式来牟取经济利益。
3. 网络安全新法律法规的诞生
正如报告指出，不断变化的政策和跨界协议对企业带来了潜在的挑战，而一些机构组织，如联邦贸易委员会或国防部，也将发挥更积极的作用来确保企业和政府在网络安全方面应尽的职责。
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