棒球英语ABC（Part2）

No-Hitter, Outfielder, Pitcher, Quick Release, Rookie, Shortstop, Tag, Umpire, Visiting Team, Walk, Extra Innings, Youth League, Strike Zone,...



第一部分在这里：棒球英语ABC（Part1）。下面继续第二部分。

N.【No-Hitter】A no-hitter is a game in which the pitcher does not allow the opposing team to get any hits. No-Hitters are very rare.

一场无安打比赛是指投手没有让对方取得一次安打。无安打比赛是非常少见的，MLB自1875年以来一共出现289场（大概每年两场）。虽然没有安打（hit），但进攻方仍然可能通过保送、防守失误上垒（甚至还可能赢了比赛）。要是连上垒都没有，那防守方就是打出了更加稀有的“完美比赛Perfect Game"（MLB史上一共出现23场）。


O.【 Outfielder】There are three outfielders who try to catch balls hit in the air over the infielders' heads. They are in left, center, and right field.

三个外野手负责接住越过内野手头顶的高飞球。他们是左外野手、中外野手和右外野手。


P.【Pitcher】The pitcher stands on the dirt mound in the middle of the infield and tries to get each batter out.

投手站在内野中间的投手丘上投球，力图让每个击球员出局。毫无疑问，投手是防守难度系数排第一的位置，接下来依次是：捕手、游击、二垒、中外野、三垒、右外野、左外野、一垒。



Q.【Quick Release】It's good for a catcher to have a quick release, which means he can catch and throw the ball very fast. A catcher with a quick release keeps the other team's base runners from stealing bases.

捕手的快速串联非常重要，他需要一接住投球就非常快地传出。有快速串联能力的捕手可以让攻方跑垒员不敢轻易偷垒。



R.【Rookie】A rookie is a player who is in his first year of play. The

best new player in each league every year wins the Rookie of the Year award.

第一年打球的新手俗称为菜鸟。联盟里面最佳新手会得到年度最佳菜鸟奖。


S.【Shortstop】The shortstop is the infielder who plays between second and third base. He can help throw runners out at any base -- or even make a double play!

游击手是防守二垒和三垒之间的内野手。他的防守职责包括把跑垒员传杀在任何垒位，还包括制造双杀。游击位置是处理球最多的内野防守位置，防守压力很大。也因此对游击手的进攻能力不做过高要求。但前扬基队游击手，队长Derek Jeter，却是攻防俱佳的偶像型球员。


T.【Tag】When a runner tries to run to the next base, the fielder must either "tag him out" before he reaches the base by touching him with the ball inside his glove or he must step on the base with the ball in his glove before the runner does.

当跑垒员跑向下一个垒位时，防守方必须在他到达垒包前用有球的手套触他，把他“触杀出局”，或者手套有球后在跑垒员之前踏垒，把他“封杀出局”。任何时候都可以用球或有球的手套“触杀”跑垒员，但“封杀”只在跑垒员被迫进垒时奏效。



U.【Umpire】Umpires decide whether a runner is safe or out, whether a batted ball is fair or foul, and whether a pitch is a strike or a ball.

裁判决定跑垒员是安全还是出局、击出的球是界内还是界外、投手的投球是好球还是坏球。棒球比赛主裁判在本垒后方，正式比赛一二三垒都有裁判，最多配置时，在左右外野线还有裁判。如果算上录像室的仲裁，一场棒球比赛需要一个庞大的“大法官合议庭”，这也是因为棒球规则和比赛局面都比较复杂。


V.【Visiting Team】At each baseball game the home team plays against a team that has traveled from another ballpark.

每场棒球比赛都分主队和客队。客队就是从其他地方的球场远道而来的球队。


W.【Walk】When a pitch is outside the strike zone, it is called a ball by the umpire. When a pitcher throws four balls, the batter gets to go to

first base safely.

当投手投球到好球区外，裁判会判坏球。当投手投了四坏球，击球员就被保送上一垒了。这时候击球员可以轻松安全的“走”上一垒。


X.【Extra Innings】Extra innings are played when the score is tied at the end of nine innings.

正规棒球比赛一般没有平局，9局结束还打平的话，会打延长局比赛直至决出胜负。极端情况会到20多局还不能决出胜负。



Y【Youth League】Baseball is a fun sport played by all ages. Most boys and girls first play baseball or softball in a youth league.

棒球是老少咸宜的有趣的体育运动。大多数男孩和女孩都是在青少年联盟里面开始接触棒球或垒球。


Z【Strike Zone】To be in the strike zone, a pitch must be directly above home plate, no higher than the batter's shoulders or lower than his

knees.



简单来讲，投球的好球区在本垒板上方，不高于击球员的肩膀，不低于击球员的膝盖。实际定义会更复杂一些。另外因为每个击球员身高和准备姿势不同，好球区是因人因时而异的。



一些简单的棒球英语术语就先介绍到这里。棒球是一项博大精深的运动，相信希望细究更多定义的棒童父母会很快爱上维基百科里的棒球内容：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball。

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