【语法】定语从句

【语法】定语从句(2)1．定语从句中关系代词that、which用来指代物，who、whom和tha...



【语法】定语从句(2)  1．定语从句中关系代词that、which 用来指代物，who 、whom和that  用来指代人，whose用来表示所属关系，关系副词when、where和 why指代时间、地点和原因。 2．关系代词的用法

(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：     All that I have is my love for this land.  There isn’t much that we can do to ease his pain.     (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which。例如：  The last person that we want to invite to our house is Uncle Sam. No nation that is capable of such atrocity can be trusted by its neighbours.     (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：     There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated.     (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似。例如：     She failed in her attempt to catch the prince’s attention, which was a great disappointment to her mother.       (5) 如果作先行词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。     (6) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：     The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.     (7) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：     Is there anyone here who will go with you?  (8)关系代词that/which/who/whom在从句中作宾语时可以省略。例如： The girl (whom) you just saw is the cheer leader of our football club. Every moment(that) we spent in the UK will be a precious memory for us.     As在定语从句中的用法     一. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句     （１）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。  （２）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：        The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see. 二．关系副词引导的定语从句     1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句      关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。例如：  We shall always remember the day when Japan surrendered to the ally force. This is one of the few places where you can buy top quality wine.   2. that有时也可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因     That有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，这种定语从句中的that也可以省去。例如： That is the time(that) he arrives. That is the reason (that) he came.   【同步练习】  一、选择适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：

1. His parents wouldn’t let him play with anyone ______ scores was poor.

A. of whom       B. whom           C. of whose         D. whose

2. She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.

A. it        B. which       C. this       D. that

3. In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could get help.

A. that       B. who        C. from whom     D. to whom

4. The day _______ he chose for his son wedding was a lucky day in the lunar calendar.  A. when       B. where       C. that       D. who

5. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.  A. which       B. where       C. that          D. when

6．This monument is all ______ remains of the ancient kingdom.

A. it       B. that        C. when       D. which

7．He mentioned a book the tile of ______ I can’t remember now.

A．who      B．which        C．this        D．what

8. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable.

A. which price              C. the price of which C. its price              D. the price of whose  9._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. As        B. It        C. That       D. Which

10. He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English. A. this       B. which       C. that       D. same

11. On the wall hangs a picture, _____ color is blue.

A. whose      B. of which     C. which       D. its

12.I still remember the time ______ I first became a college student.

A. what       B. which      C. that       D. when

13. Mr.Ford still talks like the man______ he was ten years ago.

A. that       B. where       C. which       D. there

14. The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago looked down upon women. A. in which     B. in that      C. in whose     D. whose

15.I don’t like _____ you speak to her.  A. the way   B. the way in that  C. the way which   D. the way of which

16.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through .

A. It’s the reason              B. That’s why  C. There’s why                  D. It’s how

17. He made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science. A. which I think is       B. which I think it is   C. which I think it         D.I think which is 18. There is only one dish on the table_______ I want to eat .

A. who        B. that       C. what        D. whcih

参考答案  一、1-5 DBCCB  6-10 BBCAB  11-15 ADACA  16-18 BAB

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