记住这些音标拼写规则，再也不用担心记不住单词_【河北农大英语系】

26个字母的各种排列，再加上还有各种形近词，要记住那么多简直不可能其实，英语单词的拼写和读音是有规律可循的，...

26个字母的各种排列，再加上还有各种形近词，要记住那么多简直不可能

其实，英语单词的拼写和读音是有规律可循的，记好下面这些音标和字母的对应规则，保证你从此再也不方背单词了！

一、元音

1) [i:]作为长元音在单词的词头、词中、词尾都出现的很普遍，记下它可是非常划算的

一般来说，[i:]可拼读为: ee, ea, e, ie, ei, i, ey等，例：

ee: see, sleep, tree, sheep

ea: team, mean, please, dream, weak, defeat, great

e: he, she, me, we, evening

ie: piece, relieve, belief, field

ei: receive, conceive, receipt

ey: key

2) 短元音的运用就没有长元音[i:]那么广泛了，通常出现在特殊的条件组合下

可拼读为: i, y, e, a, u, ai, ie, ay, ey等

闭音节单词里的字母i: sit, it, is, did, ill, six, fix

非重读的字母a: village, necklace, palace

非重读的字母e: decide, delicious, business, refuse

非重读的字母y: sorry, baby, very

特殊发音的字母u: busy, business

词末的ie: cookie

非重读的ai: mountain, captain

非重读的ay: Monday, Tuesday等

ey有时也读成短元音：monkey, money

3) [æ]就是传说中的梅花音了，美式英语里可能发音更夸张一点，接近[ʌ]

相应搭配就是a：bag, and, ant, happy, man, ask, cat

4) [e]的发音方式与[æ]类似，但嘴型略小

相关字母有: ea, e, a

ea: head, swear, sweater, pleasure

e: elephant, yes, leg, bell, unless

a: many any

5) 元音[ɜ:]对应的字母有: ir, ur, ear, er, or

ir: girl, shirt, skirt, third, bird

ur：turn，murder，Thursday，surf

ear基本都发这个音：learn, earn, earth,

重读的er：term, her, prefer, serve

or在w后：work, word, world, worse, worth

6) [ə]的相应拼写包括: er, or, o, a, e, ur, ure, ou, u

词末的er基本都发这个音：teacher, under, father, after, supper

词末的or和非重读的or就发这个音：doctor，actor，forget

非重读的o：together，tomorrow，pollution，collection

非重读的a：about, away, banana(前后两个a), China

非重读的e: student, different, even, happen

ur, ure, ou, u: Saturday, picture, famous, suppose

7) [ɑ:]的拼写规律基本都跟字母a有关: ar, a, al, au, are, ear

ar：car, farm, card, arm, mark

a: fast, glass, past, banana(中间的a)

al的特殊发音：half

au也属特殊发音：laugh

are: are

ear: heart

8) [ʌ]的发音字母包括: u, o, ou, oo

闭音节单词的u：up, cup, bus, but, duck

o在字母m, n, th前：come, mother, brother, none, wonder

ou: trouble, double, cousin

oo的特殊发音: blood，flood

9) [ɔ: ]的发音字母有: al, ar, or, our, ough, oor, ore, au, aw

al: all, small, wall, talk, tall, walk

ar: warm, quarter, towards

au: daughter, autumn, pause, caught

or: short, for, store, boring

oor: door floor

our: four, your, course

ough: bought, thought, cough

ore: before, more, score

aw: draw, law

10) [ɒ]的发音字母有: o, a, au

o在闭音节单词中：John, lost, fox, office, rock

a在w前或wh后：want, what, wash, watch

au的特殊发音：because

11) [u:]的发音字母有: oo，o，u，ou

oo: too, zoo, food, tooth, cool, shoot

o: who, do, two, whose, lose, move

u在字母l前后: blue, full, flu

u的特殊发音：June, true, pollute

ou：group, soup, through

12) [ʊ]的拼写规则与长元音[u:]类似: oo, ou, u, o

oo: look, good, wood, foot, classroom, bedroom

ou: should, could, would

u: put, push, sugar, pull

o: woman, wolf

13) 双元音[eɪ]的对应拼写有: a, ay, ai, ey, ei, ea

a: name, cake, late, April, page, date

重读的ay: play, say, away, day, table

ai一般都发这个音: rain, paint, eight, mainland, rail, maid

ey: they, grey

ea: great, break

14) [əʊ]的发音字母包括: o, ow, oa

o在开音节中、字母ld或st前：go, no, ago, piano, cold, old, hold, host, ghost

ow: know, yellow, below, show, bowl

oa: boat, coat, goat, float

15) [aɪ]的拼写规则是: i, y, igh, ie, ei

i在开音节中、在nd前：hi, side, nice, find, kind, mind, blind

重读的y: my, try, fly, by, why, sky

字母组合igh几乎都发这个音：light, night, high, right, knight, bright

16) [aʊ]的发音字母有: ou，ow

ou: house, about, count, blouse, mouth, mount

ow: flower, now, cow, how, down

17) [ɒɪ]发音字母: oy, oi

oy: boy, toy, enjoy, loyal

oi: toilet, oil, noise, voice, coin

18) [ɪə]的对应字母组合包括: eer, ear, ere, ea

eer: beer, deer, pioneer

ear: near, dear, hear, fear

ere: here

ea: idea, really, realize

19) [eə]的发音字母有: ear, air, ere, eir, are

ear: pear, bear, tear

air: chair, air, stairs, pair

ere: there, where

eir: their, theirs, heir

are: care, dare, hare

20) [ʊə]用的比较少，拼写规则也相对简单，包括ure和ua

ure: sure

ua: usually, February, January

二、辅音
辅音相对元音就简单多了，基本上音标啥样就对应一模一样的字母

1. [p]对应字母p

pea, pig, map, please, pleasure, peace

2. [t]对应字母t

two, too, to, tell, pleasant, moment, event

3. [k]对应k、c、ck

c: come, cap, cat

k: bike, cake, kite, Kate

ck: black, duck, luck

4. [f]对应f和ph

f: fish, foot, face, life, knife

ph: pamphlet, phone, physical

5. [θ]和[ð]都对应th，凡是遇见这两个发音，先写下th总是没错的

th: three, mouth, math, with, then, the

6. 对应s和c

s: snake, sing, speech, swear

c在i, e, y前: city, cell, cyber, cycle, nice

7. [ʃ]对应sh和ch

sh: ship, sheep, shop, she, shoe

ch的特殊发音: machine

8. [h]对应wh和h

h: hence, house, horse, hair

wh在字母o前：whose, who, whom, wholesale

9. [ts]对应ts

skirts, students, shirts, let’s

10. [t∫]对应ch

Chinses, China, peach, kitchen, teacher

11. [tr]对应tr

tree, train, trousers, trip

12. [b]对应b

bee, big, bed, book, believe, boot

13. [d]对应d

bed, dad, do, need, dare, devil

14. [g]对应g

bag, pig, girl, great, regret, grey

15. [v]对应v

vest, very, live, vet

16. [z]对应s和z

z: zoo, zero, size

s: rose, as, is, busy

17. [ʒ]对应s

measure, pleasure, usually, treasure, vision

18. [dʒ]对应g和j

g在字母e前: orange, page, large, wage

j: juice, judge, jump, just

19. [dz]对应ds

words, hands, heads, friends

20. [dr]对应dr

drink, dress, drive, drip, drop, drill

21. [r]对应r

red, rice, brown

22. [m]对应m

milk, some, come, home, from

23. [n]对应n和kn

n: son, sun, pen, name, nasty

kn: knight, knife, knee, knowledge

24. [ŋ]对应ng和n

ng: king, sing, English, fling

n在字母k前: ink, think, sink

25. [j]对应y

yes, yellow, youth

26. [w]对应wh和w

wh: what, where, which, why

w: water, white, witch, well

27. [l]对应l和ll

l: lion, blue, leg

ll: wall, small, ball, yell

记住这些拼写规则之后，记单词就能少花很多功夫

在遇到不认识的词，也可以根据拼写猜出大概读音

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