专题连载｜为什么OLIN CEO对这位宾大景观学生的设计赞不绝口？(下)

相生-在循环水文化和生态遗产间TheInterplaybetweensystermofrecycledwaterandcultureheritage...

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San Antonio is a city sets in the semi-arid region of Texas; itsprosperity relies heavily on the supply of water. It has the largest recycledwater system in U.S.. A purple pipe is used to transfer recycled water fromwater plant to users. The customers that buy recycled water include the RiverWalk, golf courses, parks, industries and Mitchell Lake. One could say thatrecycled water is partially responsible for sustaining tourism and ecology;Recycled water is also responsible for maintaining a quality of recreation; itis also responsible for San Antonio competitiveness in the industrial world,supplying industry with massive quantities of recycled water. The recycledwater system is one of the contemporary cultures of San Antonio and partiallyresponsible for city development, yet it’s invisible to most people. It is myposition that recycled water should be embraced, should be advertised, andshould be visible to public.

圣安东尼奥在得克萨斯州的半干旱地带，它的繁荣昌盛全都倚赖于水的供给。它有美国最大的水回收系统。回收水通过紫色管道从净水厂运到各个用户。回收水的用户包括river walk, 高尔夫球场，公园，工业和Mitchel湖景区。可以说回收水在一定程度上支撑着可持续的旅游业和生态，娱乐的质量和圣安东尼奥在工业领域的竞争力。回收水系统是圣安东尼奥的当代文化之一，支持着城市的发展，然而人们对它视而不见。我认为对于这一文化，我们应该拥抱，宣扬并且展示给大众。





Atthe master plan level, my project has created a purple pipe loop in the southSan Antonio. It has a trail that follows the purple pipe and links the existingand proposed recycled water customer. On the north loop I am proposing parks asnew customers and on the south loop I am proposing IT and industry as newcustomers. One of the biggest existing customers of recycled water is MitchellLake.

在规划阶段，我的项目在圣安东尼奥南部提出了“purple loop”。我在紫色水管上方设计步道，并用它连接现存的和计划的回收水用户。在北半边的loop上将有新的公园作为回收水用户，南半边的loop上会有it和工业作为新用户。现存的最大的回收水用户是Mitchel湖。



I have chosen Mitchell Lake for a more detailed study of:

1) ways of highlighting the presence of recycled water

2) the interplay of recycled water and habitat

To be able to do this, an understanding of habitat is required.

我选了Mitchell Lake作为研究：

1. 多种方式来凸显回收水的存在。
2. 回收水和生态环境间的作用。

Mitchell Lake has a long and unpleasant history. The entire lake receivedsewage water for decades. When modern water recycled centers was built in SanAntonio,  Mitchell Lake no longer needs to receive treated effluent. In1990,  a couple of committees (list the names) work together to turnpolders of Mitchell Lake into a wildlife refuge for migrating birds.

Mitchell Lake有一段不光彩的历史。整个湖泊曾用于容纳城市的生活污水，直到净水厂建立了，它才不再接收污水。在1990年，一些地方和环保机构共同将Mitchell Lake北边的圩田变成了吸引迁徙的鸟的野生动物保护地。





There are two opportunities at Mitchell Lake Wildlife Refuge:

1.  It locates on the Central flyway of migratory birds and monarchbutterfly and it is a popular bird watching place.

2.  It has a contract to use a large amount of recycled water everyyear.

Opportunity as bird watching place: Mitchell Lake Audubon center hasidentified priority birds that need to create habitat for. These birds requirethe habitat of lake/pond, marsh, scrubland, open woodland and prairie. Theexisting habitat at the site are upland woodland, lakes, mudflat in dry season.There are no marsh because of the steep slope of the dikes. And the nativehabitat blackland prairie has diminished due to farming and human activities.

Opportunity of recycled water supply: In response to San Antonio’s droughtand flooding issues, I proposed a series of landform change and recycled watermanagement to add and reduce water in the site. These are the landform change:add soil to the steep dikes and make it a gentle slope, and this area couldbecome mudflat. Add soil along the edge of Polders to create marsh in bothshallow and deep water. Remove soil to create storm water basin in the floodingarea, water in the East Polder could be drained to the storm water basin. SoEast Polder will be mudflat during shorebirds migration in summer and fall, andwill become deep water for waterfowl in winter and spring. (page 3,4)

Mitchel湖的野生动物保护地的改造包含了两个机遇：

1. 它地处于迁徙的鸟和蝴蝶的迁徙带上。
2. 它签约购买了大量的回收水。

鸟类观赏的机会：Mitchell Lake鸟类协会统计出了超过三百种在场地上出现过的鸟类。他们需要的栖息地有湖泊、池塘，湿地，灌木丛，开放的树林和草原。然而现存的栖息地只有树林，湖泊，滨海鸟类需要的泥潭只有干旱季节才有。没有湿地是因为圩田的堤坝太过陡峭，原生态的blackland prairie也因人类活动所剩无几。

回收水的机会：为了应对圣安东尼奥市几年一次的干旱和洪水，在场地中提出了地形的改变和回收水的管理来灵活添加和分散场地中的水。地形的变化包括：在陡峭的坡上加土壤，挖出雨洪道来分散雨水。因此吸引海滨迁徙的鸟的东圩田可以在夏秋季节变成泥滩，春秋季节变成池塘给水鸟使用。





There are four ideas to create the interplay betweenrecycled water and habitat:

1. Add recycled water on the swale of blackland prairieto create a wet meadow, this will support different flower species and microclimate.

2. Using recycled water to fill and create a pond thatallows people to access water.

3. Create artificial flooding:  It could become anevent and attraction to the place.

4. Control water level in the polder to maintain mudflatin storm season. In dry season such as summer, dam will be closed, add recycledwater to the Polders area through water mist and spray, pipes and air aeration.This will also cool down the temperature along the trail. In wet season such asfall, dam will be opened to divert water to storm water basin. (page5, 6)

关于回收水和栖息地间的想法有四个：

1. 在恢复的blackland prairie上添加回收水来创造湿草地，使其产生植被和微气候的变化。
2. 用回收水填充新的池塘供游人亲近水源。
3. 制造人工洪水：它会创造观赏活动并为场地增添魅力。
4. 在雨洪季节控制圩田中的水位。干旱的时候，圩田旁的水坝会关闭来留住水，同时用喷水和喷雾向圩田增加回收水。这些方法也会降低步道两旁的温度。在降水多的季节，打开水坝让水留到雨洪池塘里。

梁灏

美国宾夕法尼亚大学研究生

美国Balmori Associates公司实习生

北京唐健人景观事务所实习生

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专题连载｜从中国土人景观到美国OLIN景观-宾大景观传奇奶爸学长罗亚丹的设计之旅

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