让你的个人陈述在千军万马中脱颖而出! (理工篇)

 

当我们做留学申请时,涉及到一份非常重要的文书,即个人陈述,俗称PS(personal statement)...



当我们做留学申请时,涉及到一份非常重要的文书,即个人陈述,俗称PS(personal statement) 但是,如果你是一个有心人,就会发现,很多专业特别是理工科类专业需要的是statement of purpose而并不是personal statement。这时,很多人可能又会告诉你 PS 与SOP没有什么区别。但真的没区别吗? 其实仔细想想就可以得到答案:如果没什么区别,为什么不统一叫PS? 所以,肯定是有区别的,那么有什么区别呢?我们可以从各个学校的对SOP或者PS的要求中,找寻一些答案。一般而言,Personal statement更多的是对个人经历的一种描述,需要更多的是engaging,autobiographical and anecodtal的东西。而SOP则更注重的是我们的academic work,我们申请的研究领域的专业知识等。事实上,理工科类90%的专业(如Electrical Engineering,Computer Science, Mechanical Engineering等)需要的是SOP,也就是说,这些专业更看重专业性,这对我们的个人陈述的写作有着极其重要的指向作用。除了SOP和PS混淆外,大家在写个人陈述时,还容易陷入以下误区。

误区一:忽略个人陈述的本质

很多同学,一动笔写个人陈述,就把注意力全部集中在了文章的构架,优美词汇的描述,复杂语法的结构上,反而忽略了内容本身。这无疑是一种舍本逐末的行为。我们常常对自己的学生说,我们申请的是Electrical Engineering专业,是Computer Science专业等,并不是申请的文学专业。Science 杂志收录那些顶级论文的原因,不是因为他们的论文的文字写的有多厉害,而是论文所展示的研究成果非常的厉害。因此,在写理工科类的个人陈述的时候,首先需要想到的是怎样描述才能体现甚至拔高自己的专业性。

误区二:行文缺乏逻辑

由于长期受中文写作教育的影响,譬如散文或者杂文写多了,很容易犯这样的问题。往往段落与段落之间没有起承转合的关系,往细了说,句子与句子也是孤立的,不像是连句成篇的文章。如何加强这种逻辑?建议学生在写作的时候多多使用连接词。

误区三:语言不规范

有别于大多数人说的语法,道地的英语等,我在这里更加想要强调的是专业英语方面的规范。如论文被接收,是用accepted,还是received?又如单片机用英语应该怎么表述? Singlechip? MCU(Micro Controller Unit) ?还是SCM(Single Chip Microcomputer )? 毕竟我们对于欧美国家来说是“外国人”,有时候交流语言说的不够道地,是容易被宽容的(当然,这里指的是理工科等领域,如果是文学,法学,商学等专业当然是需要道地的英语的)。但是,对于我们申请的专业来说,我们是一个的“业内人士”,如果对自己的专业领域的知识都搞错的话,则不容易被原谅。



以上是国内学生常常走入的误区,大家一定要尽力避免,下面我们再举例说说如何把个人陈述写好吧。

要点一:专业性,专业性,专业性。(重要的事情说三遍!)


我们可以从以下几个方面来体现专业性。
首先就是专业一致性。个人陈述中过去的经历,现在的研究以及未来的科研需要有专业方面的传承性。下面的表格可以解释这种传承性。

Before:

I am an idealcandidate due to the knowledge I have gained thus far in my Master’s program atCarnegie Mellon University. I have completed courses in multiple fields ofchemical engineering, as well as increased my knowledge in engineeringtechniques and lab research. I further honed these techniques fromparticipating in a lab research  project.(此处可以顺着写未来的研究)

My first labexperience started when I joined Professor Annette Jacobson’s team to determinethe electrophoretic mobility of colloidal contaminants in water, which isuseful in water treatment processing. Moreover, I have acquired scientificresearch skills, for instance, searching literature, designing experiments,analyzing results and writing papers.(没有解释过去的经历和研究工作的关系)

After:

My Master’sfrom Carnegie Mellon University in Chemical Engineering has equipped me withcontent knowledge and technical experience on colloidal properties that will bea strong asset to the work on soft matter phenomena currently being conductedat Yale University’s department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering.(把过去,现在以及未来的研究连接起来了)

I’ve focused the majority of my studies onboth supramolecular engineering of colloidal forces and aggregation dynamics,and electrophoretic deposition of colloidal crystalline arrays for displaytechnologies. These foci were further honed when I joined Professor AnnetteJacobson’s team to determine the electrophoretic mobility of colloidalcontaminants in water, which is useful in water treatment processing. I plan toextend my research pursuits to intrinsic and extrinsic microstructuralrelaxation rates in protein separation and crystallization processes, workcurrently being explored by Professor Michael Lowenberg, and my work oncolloidal properties will give me a valuable perspective into thatinvestigation.(增加未来的计划)

其次,涉及到专业背景方面的描述的时候,要展开写,不要泛泛而谈。具体的我们可以看下面的实例:

BEFORE

I believe myknowledge base, skills and motivation for research make me a great contributionto Carnegie Mellon’s electrical and computer engineering research group.(空话,没有实质内容)

I’m passionate and enthusiastic about ECEtechniques. I also have a strong background in foundations of engineering, dueto my comprehensive undergraduate work, and I’m versed in researchmethodologies, as shown through my multiple collaborative projects. (不够具体,换在每一个申请者身上都适合)

AFTER

I am an idealcandidate for Carnegie Mellon University’s Electrical and Computer engineeringprogram due to my extensive research on radio transmitter identificationtechniques that can identify multiple transmitters and weak interferencesources, independent of the DTV reception. More specifically, my currentcollaborative publication with Professor Wu proposes a timely new transmitterfingerprinting technique that reduces multipath distortion generated byneighboring transmitters in an SFN, which would enable broadcast authoritiesand operators to identify the source of in-band interference in some coverageoverlapped areas. (具体的描述了申请者的专业强项,以及目前的研究)I believe myexpertise at this area could supplement the cutting-edge TxID work beingconducted at Carnegie Mellon.

要点二:好的开头预示着成功了一半


大家先要明白这样一个比较残酷的事实:大家用几个月完成的申请材料很可能被录取官员或教授在五到三十分钟内审理完毕。理解这一点十分重要。有些申请人可能会认为录取官员不负责任,但是事实是一个每个学校通常会收到成百上千份的申请材料(博士项目申请人数会少些,本科申请会多很多,有好几万份),通常只有几十到一两百个名额。录取官员或教授在两个月的时间内审理完这成山的申请文件并完成他们的录取目标是一个特别浩大的工程。因此,在短时间内给录取官留下一个深刻的印象非常的重要。如何“迅速”的完成这种深刻清晰的印象?那就是把首段写好。当然,在这里也要说明一下,在申请的过程中,也遇到很多同学,想要一个炫彩夺目的开头,而剑走偏风,虽然本意是好,但是往往用力过猛,反而过犹不及。朴素的语言和思想也可以是一个好的开头,如被UC Berkeley录取的这个statement of purpose的开头,非常的简洁明了,基本上扫一眼简历,再看下SOP的首段,就会对学生的专业背景有一个清晰的印象。

I am interested in Electrical Engineering as a field to pursue my career. EE is the ‘heart’ andbasis of modern electronics, and the development of electronic science andtechnology is closely related with our daily life. I am particularly interestedin the application of microelectronics technology, especially the integratedcircuit technology, for it serves as the basis for the network, computertechnology and all types of electronic devices which help realizeinformatization. My parallel area of interest is embedded system. To help youunderstand my current professional goals and research interests better, I wouldlike to explain my educational experience up to this point



读完了这篇文章,可以自己试着去剖析一些比较优秀的申请文书,自己在心里面也勾勒一下自己的PS轮廓试试。


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