经典病例|“舌前部”外中胚叶软骨黏液样肿瘤

 

提供:杨春蓉【yangcroom】湖北省宜昌市中心人民医院病理科病史:男,36岁,舌背前部肿物2月,无明显疼...

提供:杨春蓉【yangcroom】湖北省宜昌市中心人民医院病理科
病史:男,36岁,舌背前部肿物2月,无明显疼痛。

标本名称:舌背部肿物

大体所见:带皮不整形组织一块,1.5×1.0×0.6cm,皮下可见直径0.2cm肿物,色灰白,质稍脆。





















Renghis:

看完图片后没有头绪,发生在舌,还是首先需要做AE1/AE3除外低分化鳞状细胞癌,其次是涎腺来源肿瘤,间质黏液样变性的涎腺肿瘤最多的还是多形性腺瘤,再次考虑的是横纹肌肉瘤和血管源性肿瘤(实体性生长的毛细血管瘤?)。

需要进一步做免疫组化:AE1/AE3、P63、S100、CD34、CD31、desmin、α-SMA、Ki-67。

香溪鲟:

免疫组化结果:K[AE1/AE3](-)、Vimentin(+)、SMA(+)、Desmin(-)、P63(-)、MyoD1(-)、Calponin(-)、S-100(+)、Ki-67(5%-10%)、CD117(-)、CD34(血管+)。

我也倾向是低度恶性的,但的确没有方向了!

海上明月:

从生长方式、粘液样基质、细胞形态和增殖活性看,初步考虑为中间型软组织肿瘤(低度恶心潜能)。具体分类,就目前的资料有点困难。间叶源性的可能性大,神经源性也需要鉴别或排除。

有没有如下标记:CD68(Kp-1)、CD57、NF、B-catenin、melanin A 、CK5。

SMA和calponin的标记有点矛盾。能否标记MSA重复一下。

本例IHC显示:S-100阳性;vimentin阳性。

考虑诊断:“舌前部”间叶来源肿瘤,首先考虑为外中胚叶软骨黏液样肿瘤。

这个病例复旦大学肿瘤医院王坚教授也看过。王坚主任认为:如果这个病例S-100阳性,考虑是 外中胚叶软骨黏液样瘤。

口腔——舌前部外胚间叶软骨黏液样瘤Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumour (ECT)of the anterior tongue

发生在舌前部的良性外胚间叶软骨黏液样肿瘤。在1995年,首次有19例病例报道。后来,陆续又有一些病例的报道。报道年龄范围从9到78岁,无性别倾向。

多数肿瘤为存在于舌背黏膜前部无症状的,缓慢生长的实性结节,质硬或软,有弹性。切面为胶冻样,偶有出血灶。

肿瘤通常界限清楚,但无包膜。有时,肌纤维和神经束内陷在肿瘤内。肿瘤由圆形,杯状,纺锤形或多边形细胞构成,细胞核大小一致,有中等含量弱嗜碱性的胞质。有些肿瘤核有多形性,染色质密集,多个核,但有丝分裂少见。另外,有报道出现黏液囊肿样的改变。pH 0.4和2.5时阿尔辛蓝染色阳性,但细胞外基质黏蛋白卡红弱阳性。PAS染色阴性。在镜下鉴别诊断中,应排外其他黏液性或软骨性疾病,如局灶性黏蛋白沉积症、黏液潴留、软组织黏液瘤、神经鞘黏液瘤、纤维性病变的黏液变性、软骨肉瘤、软骨样迷芽瘤和多形性腺瘤或来源于小涎腺肌上皮瘤的变异。

在几乎所有报道的病例中,多克隆和单克隆抗神经胶质酸性蛋白(GFAP)反应阳性,大多数病例中抗角蛋白单克隆抗体阳性,而S-100、CD57和平滑肌肌动蛋白染色结果不一致。

瘤细胞可能来源于未分化的外胚间叶前体细胞,从神经嵴迁移而来。治疗方法采用外科切除,复发率非常低。

请见文献中病例

Shogo Tajima & Kenji Koda, A case of a CD56-expressing ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor of the tongue: potential diagnostic usefulness of commonly available CD56 over CD57. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015;8(3):3328-3333

Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumors (ECTs) are rare. Only approximately 55 cases have been reported in the English literature. Distinguishing ECTs from soft tissue myoepithelioma (STM) is often difficult owing to morphological and immunohistochemical similarities. Here, we present a case of an ECT arising from the anterior dorsum of the tongue in a 24-year-old woman. Grossly, the tumor was soft, had a myxoid appearance, and measured 8 × 7 × 7 mm. Microscopically, it was well-demarcated, lacked a fibrous capsule, and predominantly consisted of short, spindle to ovoid cells in a myxoid background. Vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and S-100 protein were strongly positive on immunohistochemical analysis. While CD56 was moderately immunopositive, cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) showed focal weak positivity. Thus, the immunohistochemical findings suggested a diverse immunophenotype, indicating mesenchymal (vimentin and αSMA positive), neurogenic (S100, GFAP, and CD56 positive), and epithelial differentiation (cytokeratin positive). This reflected the fact that ECTs probably arise from uncommitted ectomesenchymal cells that have the potential for multilineage differentiation. The immunohistochemical staining pattern observed for ECTs slightly differs from that of STMs. Strongly positive staining for GFAP and weakly positive staining for cytokeratin are observed in ECTs, whereas the opposite is typically observed for STMs. These findings indicated that the patterns of expression on immunohistochemistry differ between ECTs and STMs, although inevitably, there was some overlap. Thus, CD56 expression in the case presented here is noteworthy, and it could potentially become an adjunct diagnostic marker for ECT instead of previously used CD57.



最后诊断:

“舌前部”外中胚叶软骨黏液样肿瘤
END

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