【Do you know】“手足口病的”护理与预防，您知道吗？

五月春夏之交，空气潮湿闷热，正是各种传染病疫情的高发期，这其中，最令父母们头疼的，就要数“手足口病”了。其...





五月春夏之交，空气潮湿闷热，正是各种传染病疫情的高发期，这其中，最令父母们头疼的，就要数“手足口病”了。其实只要父母了解“手足口病”，就没有那样可怕了。接下来就让我们一起来看看“手足口”病的症状与预防。

May spring and summer, the humid air, it is a variety of infectious disease epidemic season, which, most parents have a headache, the number of "hand, foot and mouth disease". In fact as long as parents understand "hand, foot and mouth disease", is not so terrible. Next let's take a look at "hand, foot and mouth disease symptoms and prevention.

---手足口病是啥？

手足口病是一类病毒感染，它由肠道病毒引起的。病毒种类挺多的，而且瞪着鱼泡眼用力看也不知道是啥东东，就不一一列了它是一种常见于五岁以下宝宝的急性传染病。绝大多数被感染的宝宝会在1—2周内痊愈，家长不用过于忧心，但也不排除极少数宝宝出现比较危险的状况，如患上脑膜炎、心肌炎等并发症，甚至还会导致死亡的！而且因为病原体类型多，各型之间不存在交叉免疫，所以即使之前得过手足口，也不能保证以后不再发病。

Hand, foot and mouth disease is a kind of virus infections, it caused by intestinal virus. Virus type a lot, and stared at the fish bubble eye is hard to see also don't know what east, not list one by one it is an acute infectious disease common in babies under the age of five. Most of the infected baby will heal in 1-2 weeks, parents need not too worried, but does not rule out a few baby appears more dangerous situation, such as suffering from complications such as meningitis, myocarditis, and even leads to death! And because the type of pathogen, each model does not exist between cross immunity, so even before too, foot and mouth, there is no guarantee that no longer after onset.

---一般症状

听名字就知道，手足口病最容易长在手、脚和口腔中，会出现类似米粒大小和颜色的疱疹，宝宝能感觉到疼痛，有的宝宝臀部或者肛部也会长一些。同时还伴随低烧（38°C左右）、皮疹等，通常都不严重的，1-2周内会自然痊愈，且没啥后遗症。但是持续低烧可能会让小宝宝感到食欲不振、头晕头痛等，并不时出现咳嗽、流鼻涕的症状。

Listen to name know, hand, foot and mouth disease is the most easy to grow in the hand, foot and mouth, there will be a similar grain size and color of herpes, the baby can feel pain, some baby's hip or anal play also grow some. Also accompanied by fever (about 38 ° C), skin rash, etc., are usually not serious, 1 to 2 weeks to heal naturally, and do not have what sequela. But sustained fever may let the baby feel loss of appetite, dizziness, headache, etc., does not appear the symptom of cough, runny nose.

---重症症状

呼吸系统：宝宝的肺部功能会变差，呼吸会变得急促或困难，还有可能出现类似窒息的症状，严重的还会口吐白沫或血沫。神经系统：宝宝会变得精神涣散、恶心呕吐、嗜睡等。还会出现些比如四肢抽搐、无力等等，严重可能会患上脑水肿、脑疝等。
循环系统：发现宝宝开始四肢发凉、面色发白、心跳紊乱时要及时送医。手足口病很少出现重症病例。但有风险需谨慎。宝宝如果感染上了病毒，妈咪千万不能放松警惕，要随时观察宝宝的情况，如过感觉不对劲了，就要及时送医，以免耽误病情。

Respiratory system: the baby's lung function will be bad, or shortness of breath will become difficult, and may appear the symptom of similar suffocation, serious still can foaming at the mouth or blood spray. Nervous system: baby will become distracted, somnolence, nausea and vomiting, and so on. There will be some limb tic, weak, and so on, for example, may suffer from serious cerebral edema, cerebral hernia, etc.

Circulation system: found the baby began to cold limbs, complexion is pale, disorders of the heart, to hospital in time. Hand, foot and mouth disease rare severe cases. But there are risks need to be careful. Baby if infected with the virus, mommy don't relax vigilance, to observe the conditions of the baby, if feel wrong, to hospital in time, lest delay an illness.

---手足口病的传播途径

飞沫传播：患病宝宝的飞沫中可能带有病毒和咽喉的一些分泌物，几个宝宝一起说话时，病毒可能在不知不觉间就传播开来了。
饮食传播：它致病因是肠道内的病毒，所以饮食是主要的扩散方式。被污染的水、不卫生或变质过期的食物都有可能将细菌不断扩散引起感染。

Droplet transmission: sick baby in the droplets may have virus and throat secretions, several baby talk together, the virus may spread the unknowingly.Diet spread: because of its pathogenesis is intestinal virus, so the spread of the diet is the main way. Contaminated water, health, or metamorphic expired food may be spreading of bacteria cause infection.

---接触传播

患病宝宝玩过的玩具、用过的餐具、毛巾、被子一切的一切，都有可能沾有细菌。健康的宝宝接触到这些东东会让细菌有机可乘了。还有像幼儿园、培训班等，人群密集的地方病毒传播得比较快，大人们要格外注意了。

手足口病的爆发不存在地域性，而且四季都有可能，不过在季节交替阶段更为频发。它的传播速度非常快，可以在短时间内造成大面积的感染。

Ill the baby played with the toy, used utensils, towels, quilts everything, is likely to be stained with bacteria. Healthy babies exposed to these things flashpoint for bacteria. While others, such as the kindergarten, training, etc., crowded places faster, the spread of the virus in adults take extra attention.

Hand, foot and mouth disease outbreak there is no regional, and the four seasons are likely, but is more frequent in seasonal alternate phase. It travels very fast and can cause widespread infection in a short time.

---消毒隔离

妈咪发现宝宝患手足口病了，应及时就医，避免与外界接触，一般要隔离两周。宝宝用过的玩具、杯具以及其他的一切都要彻底的消毒。可以用含氯的消毒液浸泡后，用清水洗净，不宜浸泡的东东可以在阳光下爆嗮消毒。

Mother discovered the baby with hand, foot and mouth disease, should be timely medical treatment, avoid contact with the outside world, usually to isolate two weeks. Baby used toys, cups and other everything thoroughly disinfected. Can use chlorine disinfectant after soaking, remove with clean water, unfavorable immerse east east can blast waste their disinfection in the sun.

---通风换气

家里应该定期开窗通风，保持空气新鲜清爽，温湿度适宜。宝宝生病期间不要请外人来家里做客，禁止爸比吸烟，防止空气污浊，避免继发感染。

Home on a regular basis should open a window ventilated, keep the air fresh and relaxed, suitable temperature and humidity. The baby ill ask strangers to our home, dad than smoking is forbidden, to prevent air pollution and prevent secondary infections.

---注意饮食和休息

患病的宝宝一周内应卧床休息，多喝些温开水。宝宝患病了会因为发热、口腔疱疹等因素而胃口较差，不愿进食，这时候妈咪应准备清淡可口，易消化的流质食物。要忌食生冷、辛辣、咸等刺激性食物。

Sick baby should stay in bed for a week, drink more warm water. Baby sick by factors such as fever, oral herpes, appetite is poorer, don't want to eat, then mummy should prepare delicate, digestible liquid foods. To avoid cold, spicy, salty, etc excitant food.

---皮疹护理、发热护理

宝宝穿的衣服、被子要干净整洁，衣服应该宽大柔软，还得经常更换。妈咪要定期修剪宝宝的指甲，必要时还可以把宝宝的小手包起来，以防他抓破皮疹。如果宝宝的小屁股也有皮疹，那么妈咪应随时清理大小便，一定要保持宝宝的小屁屁清洁干燥哦。

宝宝穿的衣服、被子要干净整洁，衣服应该宽大柔软，还得经常更换。妈咪要定期小儿手足口病一般为低热或中等程度的热，通常不需要特殊处理。妈咪可以让宝宝多喝水，加速新陈代谢。要是体温超过了38.5℃，就得在医生的指导下服退热药了。

The baby to wear clothes and blankets to clean and tidy, clothing should be soft, often have to change. Mommy regularly children with hand, foot and mouth disease is commonly low or moderate heat heat, usually do not need special treatment. Mommy can let the baby drink plenty of water, speed up metabolism. If temperature is more than 38.5 ℃, under the guidance of doctors take antipyretic.

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