妙招︱提高英语阅读速度的五个贴士(中英对照)
University students are constantly busy and always sho...
大学生们总是那么忙碌，来去匆匆，如果再加上要用外语进行阅读，那可能真的要对社交生活说声再见了。但是，在提高外语阅读速度上，还是有窍门的。甚至是对于英语这门相对有难度的语言来说，我们也能总结出几点简单有用的贴士，助你在阅读英文材料作业的时候更流畅更快速。
Tip #1: Learn common academic vocabulary
The more words you know, the swifter you’ll be able to get through texts. Download a flashcard app or review certain lists. Learn prepositions and their meanings, to eliminate the need to look up definitions every sentence or so; and understand irregular verb conjugations so you don’t get trip upped.
你会的单词越多，脑袋在阅读过程中的双语转换速度就越快。不妨尝试下载一些带有单词卡的APP，或者去看看某些大学院校列出来的学术词汇表。理解介词的用法和含义，尽量减少每个句子查询的次数，理解不规则动词的变化形式，以防南辕北辙。
贴士1：学习常见的学术词汇
The more words you know, the swifter you’ll be able to get through texts. Download a flashcard app or review certain lists. Learn prepositions and their meanings, to eliminate the need to look up definitions every sentence or so; and understand irregular verb conjugations so you don’t get trip upped.
你会的单词越多，脑袋在阅读过程中的双语转换速度就越快。不妨尝试下载一些带有单词卡的APP，或者去看看某些大学院校列出来的学术词汇表。理解介词的用法和含义，尽量减少每个句子查询的次数，理解不规则动词的变化形式，以防南辕北辙。
Tip #2: Read out loud… at first
贴士2：开始的时候，大声读出来
OK, this tip may sound a little strange. After all, doesn’t it take longer to read something out loud? And isn’t reading out loud impractical, especially if you are in class or in the library?
好吧，这个贴士听起来有点奇怪，毕竟阅读的时候读出声来花费的时间不是会更多吗？而且，大声朗读在很多情况下也不现实啊，尤其是在班级或者图书馆的时候，根本无法操作。
In the long run, reading college texts out loud isn’t ideal. However, as you start to develop your university-level academic reading skills, reading aloud can be the first step toward reading faster.
长远来看，朗读大学文本确实不是理想的做法。但是，当你开始培养自己大学水准的学术文本阅读技巧时，不妨把朗读当成进入这个过程的第一步。
It’s easier to understand written words if you can “hear” them in your head. This gives you a deeper sense of new English vocabulary; in addition to seeing a new word, you also hear the word in your own voice and practice pronouncing it. As you do this, you’ll find that you become a more fluent English reader. And with greater fluency comes greater speed. Once reading out loud has sufficiently boosted your reading skills and pace, you can read silently in English again.
在学习新单词的时候，用耳朵听比用笔写更容易让自己理解，而且听读能够加深你对这些新词汇的感应。不仅如此，当我们看到一个新单词，往往在脑海中我们就在读这个单词。也正因为这样的学习反应，才使得你能逐渐变成一个流利的英文读者。纯熟的流利性自然会提升阅读的速度。当朗读文本已经使得阅读技巧稳步提升，那么你就可以进入到安静阅读的阶段了。
贴士2：开始的时候，大声读出来
OK, this tip may sound a little strange. After all, doesn’t it take longer to read something out loud? And isn’t reading out loud impractical, especially if you are in class or in the library?
好吧，这个贴士听起来有点奇怪，毕竟阅读的时候读出声来花费的时间不是会更多吗？而且，大声朗读在很多情况下也不现实啊，尤其是在班级或者图书馆的时候，根本无法操作。
In the long run, reading college texts out loud isn’t ideal. However, as you start to develop your university-level academic reading skills, reading aloud can be the first step toward reading faster.
长远来看，朗读大学文本确实不是理想的做法。但是，当你开始培养自己大学水准的学术文本阅读技巧时，不妨把朗读当成进入这个过程的第一步。
It’s easier to understand written words if you can “hear” them in your head. This gives you a deeper sense of new English vocabulary; in addition to seeing a new word, you also hear the word in your own voice and practice pronouncing it. As you do this, you’ll find that you become a more fluent English reader. And with greater fluency comes greater speed. Once reading out loud has sufficiently boosted your reading skills and pace, you can read silently in English again.
在学习新单词的时候，用耳朵听比用笔写更容易让自己理解，而且听读能够加深你对这些新词汇的感应。不仅如此，当我们看到一个新单词，往往在脑海中我们就在读这个单词。也正因为这样的学习反应，才使得你能逐渐变成一个流利的英文读者。纯熟的流利性自然会提升阅读的速度。当朗读文本已经使得阅读技巧稳步提升，那么你就可以进入到安静阅读的阶段了。
Tip #3: Practice active reading
贴士3：训练主动阅读
In active reading, you need to look for the greater meaning of a text. Make an effort to identify the most important keywords in the passage. Recognize the topic sentences and supporting details of each paragraph. Pay close attention to “signal words” that indicate a shift in topics or an introduction of a new idea. (Signal language may include words and phrases such as “although,” “on the other hand,” “this is because,” etc….)
主动阅读，意味着你需要透过文本去寻求其背后的涵义。辨别出文章中最重要的关键词，找出主题句以及每个段落的支撑论据，留意那些带有转换话题或介绍新观点意味的指示词语。（如“尽管”、“另一方面”、“正由于”等等）
Ask yourself the important questions about what you’re reading: Why was this text written? What is the purpose of this text? What are the goals of the writer? How does the author achieve these goals?
在阅读的过程中向自己提问：这个文本的写作目的是什么？作者想要通过这篇文章达到什么目的？作者是如何实现这些目的的？
Active reading is something you probably do in your native language without thinking. But when you read in English, it can be easy to fall into more passive reading, where you simply look at the text word-by-word, sentence-by sentence. This less active approach causes you to waste time on unimportant words—and prevents you from searching for the passage’s true meaning. Don’t do this! Instead, read actively, selectively focusing on the most important information on the page. To target your active reading practice even further, take a TOEFL practice test to familiarize yourself with the type of texts common on the test (and, thus, in the English language!).
主动阅读这件事，可能在你阅读母语文本时就不知不觉地在做了，但当你面对的是英语文本时，很容易就会掉入那种一字一字看、一句一句读的消极阅读方式中。这种欠主动的阅读方法使得你浪费太多时间在那些不重要的字词中，而无法理解文章的真正含义。
你需要做的，是主动阅读，是把注意力集中在那些文章中最重要的信息上。你可以参加托福考试，让自己熟悉这种找出关键词的阅读风格。
贴士3：训练主动阅读
In active reading, you need to look for the greater meaning of a text. Make an effort to identify the most important keywords in the passage. Recognize the topic sentences and supporting details of each paragraph. Pay close attention to “signal words” that indicate a shift in topics or an introduction of a new idea. (Signal language may include words and phrases such as “although,” “on the other hand,” “this is because,” etc….)
主动阅读，意味着你需要透过文本去寻求其背后的涵义。辨别出文章中最重要的关键词，找出主题句以及每个段落的支撑论据，留意那些带有转换话题或介绍新观点意味的指示词语。（如“尽管”、“另一方面”、“正由于”等等）
Ask yourself the important questions about what you’re reading: Why was this text written? What is the purpose of this text? What are the goals of the writer? How does the author achieve these goals?
在阅读的过程中向自己提问：这个文本的写作目的是什么？作者想要通过这篇文章达到什么目的？作者是如何实现这些目的的？
Active reading is something you probably do in your native language without thinking. But when you read in English, it can be easy to fall into more passive reading, where you simply look at the text word-by-word, sentence-by sentence. This less active approach causes you to waste time on unimportant words—and prevents you from searching for the passage’s true meaning. Don’t do this! Instead, read actively, selectively focusing on the most important information on the page. To target your active reading practice even further, take a TOEFL practice test to familiarize yourself with the type of texts common on the test (and, thus, in the English language!).
主动阅读这件事，可能在你阅读母语文本时就不知不觉地在做了，但当你面对的是英语文本时，很容易就会掉入那种一字一字看、一句一句读的消极阅读方式中。这种欠主动的阅读方法使得你浪费太多时间在那些不重要的字词中，而无法理解文章的真正含义。
你需要做的，是主动阅读，是把注意力集中在那些文章中最重要的信息上。你可以参加托福考试，让自己熟悉这种找出关键词的阅读风格。
Tip # 4: Skim your texts
贴士4：略读文本
Sometimes you don’t need to give a school text a full, deep reading. Readings for class discussion can be skimmed lightly, because you’ll have a chance to explore the reading more completely in class. Skimming a text to get its main ideas is also a “better-than-nothing” solution when you’re pressed for time.
有时候，你并不需要对文本做出全面深入的阅读。对于那些课堂讨论的文本，我们可以采取稍稍略读的方式，因为你在课堂上将有机会更全面地挖掘文本的内容，这也是在我们没有时间全面阅读时聊胜于无的做法。
Think of skimming a faster, simpler version of active reading. When you skim a text, look just for the topic sentences of each paragraph and the supporting details that follow. Identify details quickly by focusing on “content words,” a passage’s nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. When you skim, you can skip most of the “grammar words” (determiners, pronouns, prepositions and so on).
而想要使阅读速度更快，简单的做法就是主动阅读。当你在略读文章的时候，找一找每个段落的主题句以及支撑论据。通过关注内容词如名词、动词、形容词和副词以此锁定关键信息，而可忽略大部分的语法词如限定词、代词、介词等等。
Tip # 5: Scan your texts
贴士5：浏览文本
If skimming is a faster version of active reading, then scanning is an even faster version of skimming. When you scan a passage, you are looking only for very specific information. This high-speed reading method is especially useful if you need to answer reading comprehension questions. To give an example, imagine that you’re reading a biology passage on the life cycle of frogs. If one of the questions asks about the diet of tadpoles (legless, fish-like baby frogs), you can scan the text for words like “young,” “tadpole,” “diet,” “eats,” “food,” and so on. It may not be necessary to read the entire text at all.
如果略读是比主动阅读快的一种阅读方式，那么浏览就是比前两者更快的阅读方法。当你在浏览一篇文章的时候，你仅仅着眼于寻找那些非常具体的信息，这种快速的阅读方式在做阅读理解题目时尤其有用。举个例子，假设你现在看一本关于青蛙的一生的生物类文章，当问到蝌蚪的食性时，你可以在文章中寻找如“年轻”“蝌蚪”“饮食”“吃”“食物”等相关的词，而无需把整篇文章都看完。
今天的文章采用了中英对照的形式，如果你已经看到这一段了，不妨用以上的方法试着再读一读这篇文章:)贴士4：略读文本
Sometimes you don’t need to give a school text a full, deep reading. Readings for class discussion can be skimmed lightly, because you’ll have a chance to explore the reading more completely in class. Skimming a text to get its main ideas is also a “better-than-nothing” solution when you’re pressed for time.
有时候，你并不需要对文本做出全面深入的阅读。对于那些课堂讨论的文本，我们可以采取稍稍略读的方式，因为你在课堂上将有机会更全面地挖掘文本的内容，这也是在我们没有时间全面阅读时聊胜于无的做法。
Think of skimming a faster, simpler version of active reading. When you skim a text, look just for the topic sentences of each paragraph and the supporting details that follow. Identify details quickly by focusing on “content words,” a passage’s nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. When you skim, you can skip most of the “grammar words” (determiners, pronouns, prepositions and so on).
而想要使阅读速度更快，简单的做法就是主动阅读。当你在略读文章的时候，找一找每个段落的主题句以及支撑论据。通过关注内容词如名词、动词、形容词和副词以此锁定关键信息，而可忽略大部分的语法词如限定词、代词、介词等等。
Tip # 5: Scan your texts
贴士5：浏览文本
If skimming is a faster version of active reading, then scanning is an even faster version of skimming. When you scan a passage, you are looking only for very specific information. This high-speed reading method is especially useful if you need to answer reading comprehension questions. To give an example, imagine that you’re reading a biology passage on the life cycle of frogs. If one of the questions asks about the diet of tadpoles (legless, fish-like baby frogs), you can scan the text for words like “young,” “tadpole,” “diet,” “eats,” “food,” and so on. It may not be necessary to read the entire text at all.
如果略读是比主动阅读快的一种阅读方式，那么浏览就是比前两者更快的阅读方法。当你在浏览一篇文章的时候，你仅仅着眼于寻找那些非常具体的信息，这种快速的阅读方式在做阅读理解题目时尤其有用。举个例子，假设你现在看一本关于青蛙的一生的生物类文章，当问到蝌蚪的食性时，你可以在文章中寻找如“年轻”“蝌蚪”“饮食”“吃”“食物”等相关的词，而无需把整篇文章都看完。
海锐教育是专注于英语高端培训以及出国留学的教育机构。本账号提供英语学习、出国留学以及教育资料分享。
往期精彩回顾
要上美国大学的你，对时间安排有概念吗？
雷区：美国大学选课禁忌
本地人私货：来美国读书千万别做的7件事
攻略︱五个步骤完成DIY美国选校
关注 海锐教育
微信扫一扫关注公众号
