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在六一儿童节即将来临时,句子倒装你掌握了吗?

英语的倒装结构分为两种:部分倒装与全部倒

一、部分倒装
部分倒装就是把助动词置于主语前。部分倒装的形式有四种:

(1) 否定副词(短语)

nor, hardly, in no way, little, scarcely, barely, seldom, never, no more, no longer, not, not only, no sooner, not only... (but also), not until... 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。

Barely does he have enough money to live on.

Not only did he complain about the food, but he also refuse to pay for it.

Neither did I know it, nor did I care about it.

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night.

Not only are liver transplants never rejected, but they even induce a state of donor-specific unresponsiveness in which subsequent transplants of other organs, such as skin, from that donor are accepted permanently.

(2) “Only+状语或状语从句”位于句首,句子用部分倒装

Only in this way can you solve this problem.

Only after repeated failures did he realize the importance of cooperation with others.

Only in the case of the February Revolution do we lack a useful description of participants that might characterize it in the light of what social history has taught us about the process of revolutionary mobilization.

(3) so/such...that 结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成倒装,表示强调so /such 和that之间的部分

So busy is he that he can not go for a holiday.

Such a wonderful job did he do that he won our respect.

(4) 虚拟语气倒装

虚拟语气可采用部分倒装结构:if引导的条件句省去if,再把should,had或were置于句首。

Should I win the lottery, I would buy a car.

正常语序: If I should win the lottery, I would buy a car.

Were he to tell us everything, we could try to solve his problem.

正常语序:If he were to tell us everything, we could try to solve his problem.

Nevertheless, researchers of the Pleistocene epoch have developed all sorts of more or less fanciful model schemes of how they would have arranged the Ice Age had they been in charge of events.

二、 全部倒装
全部倒装就是将整个谓语动词置于主语前面。那么我们什么时候知道出现了完全倒装呢?当不能充当主语的成分位于句首,或者谓语前的成分不是能充当主语的成分,我们就可以判定出现了完全倒装结构。此时,主语在谓语的后面。

可作主语的成分:

名词:The baby is adorable.

代词:He always keeps his promise.

The+形容词:The young are mostly ambitious.

不定式:To study abroad is my greatest desire.

动名词:Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies.

主语从句:That he doesn’t study makes me angry.

当我们发现句首或谓语动词前的成分不是这六种可以作主语的成分时,那么主语就移到了谓语后面,这个句子是倒装句。

句子被倒装的原因:

一、主语被复杂地修饰之后变得太长,倒装有利于句子的结构均衡,避免 头重脚轻;  二、为了强调被倒装的部分。

(1) Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad.

句首是分词短语deeply involved with this new technology不能作主语,真正的主语是a breed of modern businesspeople who...到句末。

(2) Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement: before maturity one eye migrates, so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head.

句首是形容词短语Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish,谓语是is,真正的主语是eye placement。

(3) At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992.

句首是at引导的方位短语,不能作主语,真正的主语是chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992
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