“近朱者赤”是有科学依据的~

“近朱者赤”是有科学依据的~2016-06-02新航道英语为什么中国的古话说“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”呢？每日...



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为什么中国的古话说“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”呢？每日邮报（Daily Mail）网站发布的一篇文章，能让我们找到科学的依据~~~



Next time you raise an eyebrow at the views of your partner, friend, sibling or colleague, remember they could be helping to make you smarter.

下一次当你被伴侣、朋友、兄弟姊妹或同事的观点惊到时，请记住他们可能会让你变得更聪明。

New research shows that intelligence is not fixed but can be boosted throughout adulthood by family members, bright mates and intellectually stretching careers.

一项新研究显示，智力不是固定不变的，而是在整个成年期都会受到影响，家庭成员、聪明的配偶以及拓展智力的职业都会促使你智力提高。

Stimulating households where people talk, make jokes and challenge each other can boost  IQ levels by several points, as can jobs that mentally energise employees.

像这种谈话、说笑、互相叫板的活跃家庭，以及能激励员工思考的工作，都可以使人们的智商水平提高。

The study challenges the commonly held notion that intelligence is ‘static’ by the age of about 18.

这项研究否认了大家普遍认为的智商到了18岁左右就“静止”了的说法。

Current scientific consensus suggests that intelligence is controlled by genes, with environmental factors such as schooling and nutrition playing a part up to this age. After this point, IQ scores stabilise.

目前科学界一致认为，智力由基因控制，而教育、营养等环境因素在18岁之前也对智力有一定的影响力，而18岁之后，智商就稳定了。

But James Flynn, Emeritus professor of political studies and psychology at the University of Otago in New Zealand, argues that people can ‘upgrade’ their own intelligence throughout their lives.

但是新西兰奥塔哥大学政治学和心理学退休荣誉教授詹姆斯•弗林说，人们终生都能“升级”自己的智商。

He believes intellectual stimulation from others is crucial as the ‘brain seems to be rather like a muscle – the more you use it, the stronger it gets’.

他认为，外界的智力刺激非常关键，因为“大脑似乎和肌肉一样——你越锻炼，它就就越强壮。”

Professor Flynn analysed US intelligence tests from the last 65 years and correlated the results with people’s ages. This enabled him to compile new IQ ‘age tables’.

弗林教授分析了美国过去65年的智力测试，研究了测试结果与年龄的相关性。通过这项研究，他编制了新的智商“年龄表”。

He found the ‘cognitive quality’ of a family alters the IQs of all members, especially children.

他发现一个家庭的“认知特性”能改变所有家庭成员的智商，尤其是孩子。

It can ‘lift’ or hold them back, depending on the ‘gap between their brightness and that of their siblings and parents’.

他们的智商提高或降低，取决于“他们本人的智力水平和兄弟姐妹、父母智力水平的差异”。

Professor Flynn, whose book, Does Your Family Make You Smarter? also concluded that although genetics and early life experiences determine about 80 percent of intelligence, the remaining 20 percent is linked to lifestyle.

弗林教授的书《你的家庭让你变聪明了吗？》总结说，尽管基因和早年的人生经历决定80%的智商，还有剩下的20%是受生活方式影响的。

This means that people can raise their IQ, or allow it to fall, by ten points or more.

也就是说，（在成年后的时间里）人的智商可以提高或者下降10分左右或者更多。

The psychologist is renowned for previously discovering a long-term increase in the intelligence ofpopulations - a phenomenon called the Flynn Effect.

弗林教授就是以长期研究人口智力增长现象——也就“弗林效应”而著名的心理学家。

The cause is believed to be related to a combination off actors including better education, nutrition and an increasingly complex world that is more intellectually stimulating.

相信这些有关受到良好的教育、获取更多的营养以及日益复杂世界的综合因素更能刺激智力发展。

Meanwhile a study from the University of Edinburgh found in January that intelligence is linked to good health, which means brainy people are less likely to become sick.

与此同时，爱丁堡大学一月份的一项研究发现，智力与身体健康也有关系，意思是说越聪明的人越不容易生病。

Researchers discovered that the same gene variants thatmake people smart, also protect them from illness.

研究者发现，同样的基因变异能使人变聪明，同样也能保护人们免受疾病。

英文开源：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/appmsg?t=media/appmsg_edit&action=edit&type=10&appmsgid=503438846&token=788028651&lang=zh_CN



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