Chris的中国之行—来自他的博客 (I)

来中国参加2016澳大利亚周·中国的普利斯设计集团执行董事ChrisIsles不仅在苏州举办的国际智慧城市...

来中国参加2016澳大利亚周·中国的普利斯设计集团执行董事Chris Isles不仅在苏州举办的国际智慧城市论坛上发表了主旨演讲，还应邀出席了活动周的新闻发布会，并就中澳自由贸易协定所带来的利益发表了他的看法。

Chris was asked to be involved in the press conference as part of Australia Week in China 2016 as the Australian subject matter expert on Smart Cities – and also to provide comment on the benefits or the Free Trade Agreement between China and Australia. He presented a speech on topics as Australian best practice planning and innovation around Smart Cities at International Smart Cities Forum, AWIC 2016.

Chri中国参观访问许多地方，一路上他记录下了他的想法和观点。今天，我们就和大家一起分享一下。

During his trip in China, he visited lots of places and wrote down his thoughts in light of an urban planner.

第一天：各种反差

Day 1 – A Day of Contrasts

今天，我从深圳到广州去，路上有200公里。尽管外界对中国的城市建设有种种看法；然而，我觉得中国的城市建设和开发水平处于世界领先的地位。

I travelled 200km from Shenzhen to Guangzhou today, to see a leading project which despite the rhetoric and perceptions about China, the ‘uber-density’ and ‘ghost cities’ actually epitomise what I think is ‘world leading’ development and city building – and China is doing exactly that.

这次机会真的很好，能与我们的客户Springfield Land Corporation一起来参加2016澳大利亚周·中国的活动，为我们下一阶段的合作汲取新的灵感。这个项目目前正在进行“城市阶段”的规划。Springfield有一个高速铁路的站点，高密度的公寓和别墅，围绕着世界级高尔夫场地的住宅和未来的商业中心等设施都在规划中。

It is a truly great opportunity to be embarking on the ‘Australia Week In China 2016’ (AWIC2016) with client, Springfield Land Corporation to garner insights and inspiration for our next phase of work together, leading the ‘urban phase’ planning of Springfield in a project anchored by a high speed rail metro station, and everything from high density apartments and villas, through to houses all centred around a world class golf course and future commercial centre.

从深圳到广州，这一路上各城镇的人口加在一起就和澳大利亚一样多了。整个行程都在高架路上行进。这条200多公里长的世界级交通基础设施道路极富价值。

The drive from Shenzhen to Guangzhou, contained the population of Australia within that distance, and the drive was done on an elevated roadway the whole time. With more than 200km of world-class transport infrastructure, never once were the words, ‘value capture’ mentioned.

我们今天的目的地是广佛新世界庄园；这是由新世界中国地产开发的，我们集团承担了景观设计工作。对我来说，这是一个难得的机会能实地考察我们在中国的标志性项目；然而，我更要毫不避嫌的说，这个项目所在地拥有最好的城市环境，而且密度控制得很好，有许多可以学习的地方。然而在200多公里的这条路上，如果以“城市容貌”和“生活方式”来考量的话，还有一些地方的发展颇具挑战性——以往的很多案例已经表明了以如此快速的方式来包容如此大规模的城镇化所面临的各种问题。想想我今天的出发地深圳是一个拥有1800万人口的城市，却从1980年才开始“兴建”。这个城市至今才30多年的历史。

The end of our day trip was the Canton First Estate project, being developed by client, New World and designed by Place Design Group. A rare opportunity to see one of our signature projects in China, but beyond any nepotism, I would happily say this project is up there with some of the best urban environments I have seen, with many lessons here on ‘density done well’. Yet there is no doubt that in this 200km trip, there would be some places which would certainly be challenging places to live in terms of personal amenity and lifestyle – many examples demonstrating the sheer challenge of accommodating mass urbanisation at such a rapid pace. It is crazy to think that Shenzhen, where I started today (a metropolitan area of some 18m people) was only ‘created’ in 1980. So this city has literally been created within a 30 year period.

在考虑中国城市的发展和密度问题时，我不禁会把澳大利亚作为参考框架，我们对这些问题的观点和看法。

But I can’t help to reference the development and density against my Australian frame of reference, and our perceptions and views towards density.

对我们来说，居住在高楼大厦里可以是对一种生活方式的选择；但是，这样的选择还能持续多久呢？尤其当我们意识到我们过去的居住模式并不具有可持续性。

For us it is arguably a lifestyle choice to live in vertical housing, but for how long will that choice exist? When will we accept that our old models of housing are not sustainable.

但是，谁来和普通的澳洲人沟通呢？澳大利亚很多的高层住宅，包括我家乡布里斯班在最近的“公寓潮”中所建设的这些高层从规划上来看密度控制得并不好。

And who could argue with the average Australian, because the reality of much of the high rise apartments we are creating in Australia and certainly a lot of those delivered in my home town of Brisbane during our recent ‘apartment boom’ would sit uncomfortably.

某一段时期的项目都是一个高楼接着一个高楼的建设，并没有在地面上的区域分割和环境营造。区隔高楼、连接人们的活动这些似乎都被抛在了脑后。

Our tower by tower, one project at a time, without a thought to the precinct and environment we are creating in the ground plane – which is what anchors the buildings, and provides the human connection for people – is seemingly being forgotten about in so many Australian projects.

而在广佛新世界庄园这个项目上，以及其它一些在中国的优秀项目上，我们获得了对于公共区域、私密区域和对项目周边的土地、空间谨慎对待等方面至关重要的认知。

And it is here that the Canton First Estate project, and so many of the better projects here in China can teach us some critical lessons, in the value of the public realm, private space and the reverence with which to treat the grounds and spaces around our projects.

在这些项目上，我看到了当你把大量的人口置于高楼大厦内，你可以通过提供各种公共区域、半私密空间来解决密度问题；这些设计比其它类型的住宅做得都更好。最终，住房只是四面墙，可以在任何地方建造。但是其下的这片土地所营造的环境才是真正起决定作用的。我认为在澳大利亚很多设计和开发思维并没有到达这个层面。

I believe that these projects have nailed the challenge of converting the masses to vertical living by proving that their public realm and semi-private shared spaces are better than they can get in any other form of housing. Ultimately, the apartment is just four walls, and can be anywhere, but the environment on theground is what truly matters. I think this is something that’s not even part of the design or development psyche in Australia as yet.

我在想，如果我们要将大量人口纳入城市体系中，或至少是一个更为城市化的住宅选择，而他们也愿意接受这种生活方式的选择，那么我们在如何创造这些项目上有许多需要研究学习的地方。

I believe if we are to convert the masses to an urban, or at least a more urban housing choice (and for them to willingly accept this as a lifestyle choice), then we may need to re-learn so much of our approaches to how we are creating and delivering projects.

在澳大利亚，楼高一直是一个感性的话题，中国的实践证明了多个建筑体、更高、更少的占地能给公共和半私密场地更多空间。对环境的绝对尊重、度假风格和高品质的景观设计在这些高楼的周边的地面上创造了郁郁葱葱的空间。最为重要的是，这能为业主带来不同于城市生活的宁静和休憩之地。

Whilst in Australia building height is always an emotive topic, China proves, that multiple, taller, yet smaller tower footprints leave significant areas for public and semi-private grounds. These are treated with an absolute reverence, and resort style, quality landscape architecture approach which delivers the green and lush grounding for those towers, but importantly the respite and retreat from the urban life of their residents.

这种城镇化要比我们澳大利亚人因为不喜欢“高”楼而建造的占地面积巨大、因而即使在最好的状况下也只能拥有象征性的公共空间要好得多——更何况，在很多情况下，我们都不知道还能做些什么。这点是毋庸置疑的。

It is hard to refute the evidence, that this form of urbanisation far out-weighs our common Australian fear of height in lieu of big, squat, and site cover consumptive apartment buildings which occupy vast amounts of sites and provide tokenistic shared space at best – most often on that part of the site that we couldn’t figure out what to do with.

也许我们能改变目前这种局面，我们能接纳更多地人，同时控制好密度。

Perhaps if we can overcome this battle, we can convert the masses to a greater concept of density done well.

*部分图片来自网络

Chris Isles在规划和开发领域有超过15年的专业经验，目前他是普利斯设计集团董事、规划部门的负责人。他领导着普利斯设计集团全球规划创新的方方面面。在澳大利亚昆士兰州，Chris是规划方案和规划政策可行性及商用性测试的先驱；现在，他重点关注诸如住房负担能力、基础设施费用、住宅多样化、社区总体规划以及以公交为主导的开发等重要议题上的策略规划工作。他勤于笔耕、广泛演讲，主要的涉及的主题为以公交为主导的开发、基础设施费用和规划改革。目前，他是昆士兰州城市开发学会的副主席，并获得了2015澳大利亚规划学会年度规划师的称号。

Chris is a Director of Place Design Group and leader of their Planning Sector with over 15 years’ experience in the planning and development industry. Chris leads international planning innovation through every facet of the organisation. He has pioneered the feasibility and commercial testing of planning schemes and planning policy work in Queensland and recently has focussed his strategic planning work on key issues such as housing affordability, infrastructure charges, housing diversity, master planned communities and transit orientated development. He is a regular writer and speaker on topics such as TODs, infrastructure charges and planning reform and is currently Vice-President of UDIA Queensland and was awarded the Planner of the Year Award by the Planning Institute of Australia in 2015.