【干货】如何写漂亮有效的句子（六）

本系列文章针对的群体：x0ax0a1. 考ACT/SAT的同学x0a2. 在英美上高中，每周都要写essay的同学x0a3. 申请完毕，马上大一开学的学生x0ax0a今天的内容：句子重心...



本系列文章针对的群体：

1. 考ACT/SAT的同学

2. 在英美上高中，每周都要写essay的同学

3. 申请完毕，马上大一开学的学生

前五期我们讲了（点击链接进行回顾）：

1. 平行结构

2. 缺词

3. 修饰成分位置错乱

4. 转换

5. 混搭结构

今天五分钟的主题是：句子重心（Sentence emphasis），首先大家要明白一点，所谓从句，他的地位永远是低于主句的，所以重点的信息，你不应该放在从句上，否则虽然你的语法没有问题，你写的东西就是主次不分，那么如何把握句子的重心呢？

1.如果是地位同等重要的句子，不要用从句， 链接两个独立的句子，千万不能用逗号隔开，连接的方法如下：

1） 用and, but, or, nor, so, for, yet 这7个连接词链接；

2） 用分号隔开后面往往跟moreover, furthermore, therefore, or however或者 for example, in other words, or as a matter of fact 这样的短语结构。

2. 如果两个句子表达的思想不是同等重要，主要的思想要放在主句上，次要的思想放在从句上面，用引导词引导（从句的相关知识，可以查看这篇文章）

大家来看下面的两个句子，如果主从句互换，意思重心是不一样的

Social networking Web sites offer ways for people to connect in the virtual world. They do not replace face-to-face social interaction.

连接方案一 （重点在主句）

Although they do not replace face-to-face social interaction, social networking Websites offer ways for people to connect in the virtual world.

连接方案二（重点在主句）

Although social networking Web sites offer ways for people to connect in the virtualworld, they do not replace face-to-face social interaction.

3. 英语中有一个精简原则，如果可以用一个单词表达的时候，就不要用两个单词。同理，如果可以用一个句子表达的，就不要分两个句子，大家看下下面的句子如何修改，为什么这么修改？

The Parks Department keeps the use of insecticides to a minimum. The city isconcerned about the environment.

The Parks Department keeps the use of insecticides to a minimum because the thecity is concerned about the environment.

4. 有的时候学生写句子的时候，会不断地用“and”来链接句子，导致一些可以放在从句上的内容也放在主句上去讲了，主从不分，导致文章不达意，大家看看下面的而句子，怎么修改，为什么这么修改？

Closets were taxed as rooms, and most colonists stored their clothes in chests or clothespresses.

Because closets were taxed as rooms, most colonists stored their clothes in chests or clothespresses.  这句话之所以好，是因为它把因果关系表达得更加明确，达意。

5.主次不要颠倒，大家看看下面的句子怎么修改，为什么这么修改？

Harry S. Truman, who was the unexpected winner of the 1948 presidential election, defeated Thomas E. Dewey.

Harry S. Truman, who defeated Thomas E. Dewey, was the unexpected winner of the 1948 presidential election.

练习（如何修改）：

I wasd riving home from my new job, heading down Ranchitos Road, when my car suddenly overheated.

6.不要过分堆叠从句，一般从句中不要再加从句。大家看下下面的句子，怎么来修改：

In Animal Liberation, Peter Singer argues that animals possess nervous systems andcan feel pain, and that he therefore believes that “the ethical principle onwhich human equality rests requires us to extend equal consideration to animals” (1).[p.s. 这是MLA格式的引用方法]

In Animal Liberation, Peter Singer argues that animals possess nervous systems andcan feel pain, and therefore he believes that “the ethical principle onwhich human equality rests requires us to extend equal consideration to animals” (1).

如果觉得有用，欢迎分享哦！

Reference：

Sommers, Nancy, and Diana Hacker. A Writer’s Reference (7th ed.). Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2011. Print.

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